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Syrian Express
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The Syrian Express is the name used to describe the regular supply voyages through the Bosporus[1] to Ba'athist Syria, in particular using amphibious warfare ships of the Russian Navy, that were made during the Syrian civil war (2011–2024).[2][3] Following the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022 the Turkish authorities were persuaded to implement terms of the Montreux convention, banning the passage of further military vessels through the Bosporus.[4] With the fall of the Syrian regime the change in nature of the Russian intervention in the Syrian civil war will lead to a further change in the nature of the traffic using this route.[5]
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Name
The supply route to Syria was dubbed the "Syrian Express" by Russian sailors[6] after its launch in 2012.[7] Presumably, it is a reference to the Imperial Japanese Navy's Tokyo Express, supplying Japanese forces during the Guadalcanal campaign in the Pacific theater of World War II.[8]
Ships involved
Black Sea Fleet
197th Landing Ship Brigade
- Azov
- Tsezar Kunikov (out of service)
- Yamal
- Nikolai Filchenkov
- Novocherkassk (out of service)
- Saratov (out of service)
- Others
- Kyzyl-60 (ex-Smyrna, Turkey)
- Kazan-60 (ex–Georgy Agafonov, Ukraine)
- Vologda-50 (ex-Dadali, Turkey)
- Dvinitsa-50 (ex–Alican Deval, Turkey)
Baltic Fleet
Northern Fleet
Civilian vessels
- MV Alexander Tkachenko
Other logistic vessels
- e.g. owned by the Oboronlogistika company
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References
External links
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