Telkom-1

Telkom-1 was a geosynchronous communications satellite built by Lockheed Martin, (Sunnyvale, California), for Indonesia's state-owned telecommunications company, PT Telekomunikasi Indonesia Tbk (PT Telkom). It operated for almost 18 years, more than two years past designed lifetime of 15 years.

Telkom-1

Mission type	Communications
Operator	PT Telkom
COSPAR ID	1999-042A
SATCAT no.	25880
Website	https://www.telkom.co.id/sites
Mission duration	15 years (planned) 18 years (achieved)
Spacecraft properties
Spacecraft	Telkom-1
Spacecraft type	LM-A2100
Bus	LM-A2100A
Manufacturer	Lockheed Martin
Launch mass	2,763 kg (6,091 lb)
Dry mass	1,700 kg (3,700 lb)
Start of mission
Launch date	12 August 1999, 22:52 UTC
Rocket	Ariane 42P H10-3 (V118)
Launch site	Centre Spatial Guyanais, Kourou, ELA-2
Contractor	Arianespace
Entered service	October 1999
End of mission
Last contact	25 August 2017 [1]
Orbital parameters
Reference system	Geocentric orbit
Regime	Geostationary orbit
Longitude	108° East
Transponders
Band	36 C-band
Coverage area	Indonesia, Australia
Palapa constellation ← Palapa-C2 Telkom-2 →

Launch

Telkom-1 was successfully launched 12 August 1999, by an Ariane-42P H10-3,^[2] from Centre Spatial Guyanais, pad ELA-2, Kourou, French Guiana, at 22:52 UTC and positioned in geostationary orbit, at 108° East for replaced Palapa-B2R.

Satellite description

Based on Lockheed Martin A2100A satellite bus, Telkom-1 features communications satellite technology, with 24 C-band and 12 Enhanced C-band transponders. The new spacecraft replaced on-orbit Palapa-B2R satellite, improve communications coverage across Indonesia, and allow PT Telkom to expand its coverage area into Southeast Asia and the Indian subcontinent.^[3] Launch had been delayed because of problems with comsat manufacturing. Telkom-1 is a successor to the Palapa series of satellites, the first (Palapa-A1) of which was launched in 1976. Mass of Telkom-1 is 2,763 kg (6,091 lb) launch, 1,700 kg (3,700 lb) in geostationary orbit (GEO).^[4]

Mission

Telkom-1 had developed problems with the south solar panel drive, due to a manufacturing error. The satellite was planned to be decommissioned in 2018 and to be replaced by Telkom-4. On 25 August 2017, Telkom-1 lost contact and suffered a massive debris shedding event, and Telkom-1 was retired without being able to move itself into a graveyard orbit.^[1]