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Territory of the Southern Transitional Council
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The Territory of the Southern Transitional Council refers to territory in Yemen under the de facto control of the Southern Transitional Council during the Yemeni Civil War. The STC exercises control over the city of Aden, which also serves as it's capital, and most of the territory of the former South Yemen, which existed as an independent state between 1967 and 1990.[2] The STC wants to establish a new state under the name "State of South Arabia."[3]
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Background
In 1914, following the Anglo-Ottoman Convention of 1913, the United Kingdom and Ottoman Empire divided Arabian Peninsula into two parts: the northwest under Ottoman control and influence, and the southeast under British control and influence.[4] The UK established the Aden Colony in 1937 and a Federation of the Emirates of South Arabia in 1959 which evolved into the Federation of South Arabia in 1963. Following an armed rebellion, British forces withdrew from southern Yemen in November 1967, resulting in the independence of the People's Republic of Southern Yemen which later became the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen in 1970. The People's Democratic Republic of Yemen and neighbouring Yemen Arab Republic merged in May 1990 as the Republic of Yemen. Southern separatists proclaimed a Democratic Republic of Yemen in May 1994, however the attempted succession was defeated in July that year.
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History
Summarize
Perspective
The Southern Movement and its offshoots have their roots in protests and sit-ins organised by military and civil officials in many of the southern and eastern governorates[5], especially those who had been a member of the South Yemeni Armed Forces, who had been forced into an early retirement in 2007 demanding higher pensions.[6] From these protests, came other grievances against the incumbent government of Ali Abdullah Saleh.
In September 2014, the Houthi movement took control of Sanaa leading to the Yemeni Civil War. Yemen's internationally recognised government moved to Aden, the capital of the former South Yemen.
The Southern Transitional Council (STC) was established on 11 May 2017 and has called for re-establishment of South Yemen as an independent state.[7][8] The STC took control of Aden in January 2018 and allied with the Yemeni government the following year.The STC declared self-governance on 26 April 2020.[9] A power-sharing Presidential Leadership Council was established in 2022 with the STC allocated three out of the eight seats, and STC leader Aidarus al-Zoubaidi, holding the vice-chairmanship.[10] [11][12][13]
In September 2025, the STC called for a "two-state solution" to ending the Yemeni civil war.[14] Three months later, in December 2025, the STC launched an offensive across southern Yemen rapidly capturing most of the territory of the former South Yemen. [15][16] In the immediate aftermath, Presidential Leadership Council chair Rashad al-Alimi and prime minister Salem Saleh bin Braik left Aden for Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.[17]
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Territorial control
As of 8 December 2025, the STC controlls most of the territory of the former South Yemen, i.e. the governorates of Aden, Lahij, Abyan, Shabwah, Hadhramawt, Al Mahrah and Socotra.[18][19]
Administration
Presidency
An STC presidency was announced in May 2027 and as of May 2023 has 26 members with Aidarus al-Zoubaidi serving as chair and Hani Bin Breik as vice-chair.[20][21]
National Assembly
The National Assembly is a deliberative body consisting of 303 members representing the districts and governorates of southern Yemen, it chaired by a member of the STC's presidency Ali Al-Kathiri.[22]
Human rights
Amnesty International reported a series of human rights violations in STC-held areas. Since 2023, the STC in Aden introduced restrictions on civil society organizations, requiring permits from STC-run bodies for public activities. According to Amnesty, permit requirements often involved extensive reporting obligations and were sometimes used to limit opposition to the STC.[23]
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References
External links
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