The Oak Ridge Boys

The Oak Ridge Boys are an American vocal quartet. The group consists of Duane Allen (lead), William Lee Golden (baritone), Richard Sterban (bass), and Ben James, who replaced Joe Bonsall as tenor in December of 2023. Allen, Bonsall, Golden, and Sterban comprised the group's longest-lasting lineup, from 1973 until 2023, except for the period between 1987 and 1995 when Golden was replaced by Steve Sanders.

The Oak Ridge Boys
The Oak Ridge Boys in 2024 (from left to right: Ben James, Duane Allen, William Lee Golden, and Richard Sterban)
Background information
Also known as	Wally Fowler and the Georgia Clodhoppers, The Oak Ridge Quartet
Origin	Oak Ridge, Tennessee, U.S.
Genres	Country, Southern gospel
Years active	1943–present
Members	Duane Allen Richard Sterban William Lee Golden Ben James
Past members	Curly Kinsey Lon Freeman Wally Fowler Johnny New Monroe (Curley) Blaylock Bob Weber Pat Patterson Joe Allred Bob Prather Carlos Cook Calvin Newton Cat Freeman Les Roberson Ron Page Bill Smith Ronnie Page Smitty Gatlin Hobert Evans Bobby Clark Tommy Fairchild Herman Harper James Metz Willie Wynn Gary McSpadden Jim Hamill Noel Fox Joe Bonsall Steve Sanders
Website	www.oakridgeboys.com

The act was founded in 1943 as Wally Fowler and the Georgia Clodhoppers, but were soon known as The Oak Ridge Quartet. They became popular in Southern gospel in the 1950s and their name was changed to Oak Ridge Boys in the 1960s. They transitioned from traditional southern gospel to contemporary gospel before going into popular music in the mid-1970s.^[1][2]

The Oak Ridge Boys had their greatest commercial success starting with their 1977 album Y'all Come Back Saloon and its track "I'll Be True to You", their first of seventeen number-one singles on the Billboard Hot Country Songs charts. The group's greatest commercial success came in 1981 with their cover of Dallas Frazier's "Elvira", a number five hit on the Billboard Hot 100.

History

The Oak Ridge Quartet

The core group that eventually led to the Oak Ridge Boys was a country group called Wally Fowler and the Georgia Clodhoppers, formed in 1943 in Knoxville, Tennessee. They were requested to perform for staff members and their families restricted during World War II at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory in nearby Oak Ridge, Tennessee. They were asked to sing there so often that eventually they changed their name to the Oak Ridge Quartet, and because their most popular songs were gospel, Fowler decided to focus solely on Southern gospel music. At the time, the quartet was made up of Wally Fowler, Lon "Deacon" Freeman, Curly Kinsey, and Johnny New. This group began recording in 1947.^[3] Wally Fowler and the Oak Ridge Quartet were members of the Grand Ole Opry in the 1940s.^[4] In 1949, the other three men split from Fowler to form a new group, Curley Kinsey and the Tennessee Ridge Runners, so Fowler hired an existing group, the Calvary Quartet, to reform the Oak Ridge Quartet. Walt Cornell sang baritone for the Oak Ridge Quartet in the early 1950s. In 1957, Fowler sold the rights to the "Oak Ridge Quartet" name to group member Smitty Gatlin in exchange for forgiveness of a debt. As a result of more personnel changes, the group lost its tenor, so they lowered their arrangements and had Gatlin sing tenor, while the pianist, Tommy Fairchild, sang lead. They recorded an album for Cadence Records, then in 1958, they hired Willie Wynn to sing the tenor part, and Fairchild moved back exclusively to the piano. At this point, the group consisted of Fairchild, Wynn, Gatlin, baritone Ron Page, and bass Herman Harper. They recorded an album on the Checker Records label, one on Starday, and three on Skylite. In 1961, Gatlin changed the group's name to "the Oak Ridge Boys" because their producer, Bud Praeger, thought "Oak Ridge Quartet" was too old-fashioned.

1962–1973

When Page left in 1962, Gary McSpadden, who had filled in for Jake Hess in the Statesmen Quartet, took over as baritone with the understanding that when Hess was ready to start a group, he would recruit McSpadden. They recorded another album on Skylite, and then two albums on Warner Bros. Records. When Hess followed through, McSpadden quit to join the Imperials. Jim Hamill^[5] (who later became a mainstay in the Kingsmen Quartet) was hired as his replacement. They made one album for Festival Records, one for Stateswood (Skylite's budget label), and two for Skylite. Hamill did not get along with the other Oaks, and William Lee Golden, a relative newcomer to the music industry, felt Hamill was hurting the act and suggested himself as a replacement. After Hamill's exit in 1964, Golden joined as baritone.

The group recorded an album for Starday and another on Skylite before Gatlin left in 1966. On Golden's recommendation, Duane Allen, former baritone of the Prophets, was hired as their new lead singer. With Willie Wynn and Herman Harper still on board, the group made another album for Skylite and one for United Artists before making a dozen albums between 1966 and 1973 for Heart Warming. They also had an album on Vista (Heart Warming's budget label) consisting of unreleased songs from previous sessions. When Harper departed in 1968 to join the Don Light Talent Agency (before starting his own company, the Harper Agency), Noel Fox, formerly of the Tennesseans and the Harvesters, took over the bass part. In 1971, the Oak Ridge Boys earned their first Grammy Award for a Jerry Reed song, "Talk About the Good Times"; Reed played guitar on the track.

Late in 1972, Richard Sterban, a member of the Stamps Quartet, joined the Oak Ridge Boys after the exit of Noel Fox. As a result, the quartet appearing on Hee Haw that year consisted of Allen, Wynn, Golden, and Sterban, and they took part in a single with Johnny Cash and the Carter Family, "Praise the Lord and Pass the Soup", that put the Oak Ridge Boys on the country charts for the first time. After completing their first Columbia album, Wynn departed and was succeeded by Joe Bonsall in October of that year. (Bonsall replaced Wynn's vocals on half of the album.) The lineup remained constant for the next 14 years.

1974–1986

In 1975, the Oak Ridge Boys, after a brief flirtation with pop music, signed with country music promoter Jim Halsey, who as their new manager, encouraged them not only to leave gospel music behind by becoming a country act—the most fundamental change in their history—but also to present themselves as a singing quartet rather than as an eight-man band.^[1][2][6][7]

The group's move to Columbia resulted in three albums and several singles. In 1976, they toured Russia in support of Roy Clark. They were not a label priority, and their musical direction (pop, gospel, country) was unclear. While promoting the single "Heaven Bound", the Oak Ridge Boys made appearances on The Mike Douglas Show and The Merv Griffin Show. In an attempt to widen their appeal, they backed up Jimmy Buffett on "My Head Hurts, My Feet Stink, and I Don't Love Jesus". Despite being tapped by Paul Simon to sing backup on "Slip Slidin' Away", the group asked to be released from their contract after "Family Reunion", written by David Allan Coe, was not a hit. Columbia complied, and the band immediately made an album that was a mix of gospel, pop, and country on their own label, for sale at their concerts.

In 1977, the Oak Ridge Boys hit it big in country with the release of their first ABC Records album, Y'all Come Back Saloon. The cover photo was the last to depict them as an eight-man group, although the band did not play on the album as on prior releases. The follow-up, Room Service, in 1978, broadened their reach into pop music, but yielded three more country hits, including their first number-one song, "I'll Be True to You", carried over from the previous album. The Oak Ridge Boys Have Arrived provided three more hits in 1979. After MCA Records bought out ABC, Together was released in 1980, followed by a compilation in the autumn, Greatest Hits, featuring ten hits from the previous four albums.

The group's seventh album, Fancy Free, released early in 1981, contained the Dallas Frazier song "Elvira". This remains their most widely known record, and Fancy Free their best-selling album. "Elvira" was recorded by other artists, including Frazier himself in the late 1960s and Kenny Rogers and the First Edition in 1970, but the Oak Ridge Boys were the first to make it a major hit. Their version hit number-one on the country chart and number five on the pop chart. In 1984, the Oak Ridge Boys became the first country act to be honored with the RIAA’s multi-platinum award, recognizing double-platinum sales for their album Fancy Free.^[8]

The doo-wop-style title track from Bobbie Sue, their eighth album, was another crossover hit, reaching number one on the country chart and number 12 on the pop chart. That album also spawned the group's first U.S.-released music video, for their minor hit "So Fine". (A video was made for "Easy", from the Y'all Come Back Saloon album, but was never released in the U.S.) The group also recorded one of their biggest sellers, The Oak Ridge Boys Christmas, featuring their smash hit "Thank God for Kids" in 1982. An all-pop outing, their ninth album, American Made, released in January of 1983, and the hits continued. The title track was used as a TV advertisement for Miller Beer, although the Oaks did not sing in the advertisement.

Their new MCA contract was among the biggest of its era in the music industry, with three new albums over the next four years. The late-1983 Deliver provided two hit singles, one of which was their last major hit. "I Guess It Never Hurts to Hurt Sometimes", was written by Randy VanWarmer, best known for his soft rock classic "Just When I Needed You Most". They paused for a compilation, Greatest Hits 2, in 1984. Unlike their first, Volume Two included two new songs, "Everyday" and "Make My Life With You", both of which became number-one hits.

In 1985, they released their 11th album, Step on Out, the title cut of which was written by ex-Byrd Chris Hillman. Although it was a hit, Step On Out was their first ABC/MCA album to indicate declining sales, despite the success of the lead single, "Little Things". After "Little Things," only a few of their hit songs in the coming years matched the quality of their earlier work; the others, regardless of chart position, made little to no impact. In 1986, the group put out a top-10 album, Seasons, which brought with it two minor hit singles (one of them written by Kix Brooks, and the more successful of the two by Orleans members Larry Hoppen and John Hall), as well as a second holiday album, which did not match the popularity of their first.

1987–1999

After several years of conflict within the group generally, exacerbated by Golden's solo album in 1986 (which coincided with Bonsall taking part in a hit single by Sawyer Brown), Allen, Sterban, and Bonsall chose to stay together, but went forward without their senior member. Shortly after releasing their first album with label boss Jimmy Bowen as producer, Golden was out of the act. Where the Fast Lane Ends included guest appearances by Patti LaBelle and Joe Walsh, both of whom were brought into the project by Golden. His place was taken by the band's guitarist, Steve Sanders, who was featured on most of their later hits.^[9]

The Oaks released three more albums at MCA and another greatest-hits project. In hopes of elevating their career, they moved to RCA Nashville for their next two albums, plus another compilation, Best of the Oak Ridge Boys, which included their minor hit cover of "(You're My) Soul and Inspiration" from the My Heroes Have Always Been Cowboys soundtrack. As was the norm for older acts in the early 1990s, the Oaks fell out of favor with country radio, and the hits stopped by the end of 1991. They switched labels again and signed with Liberty Records, later Capitol Nashville, for which they made their third Christmas album, their final project with Sanders.^[10]

When Sanders quit the group late in 1995, he was replaced for the rest of the tour first by Dee Allen, and later by Paul Martin (Duane Allen's son, and son-in-law, respectively); Martin had also replaced J.P. Pennington as lead singer of Exile a few years earlier. At midnight on New Year's Day 1996, Golden returned to the stage. After being dropped by Capitol, they made a two-disc set, Revival (their first gospel album since 1976) with Leon Russell producing, for TV and mail-order distribution, in 1997. Sanders took his own life in 1998.^[11]

Over the next few years, the group toured, hosted their own Las Vegas variety series for TNN, collaborated on an album with polka instrumentalist Jimmy Sturr, and made a one-off album for Platinum Records titled Voices.^[12]

2000–2020

After almost a decade of dealing with labels that had little interest in promoting the Oak Ridge Boys and sluggish (or worse) sales, they were inducted into the Gospel Music Hall of Fame in 2000, and their fortunes improved when they signed with Spring Hill Records that same year. Over the next six years with producer Michael Sykes, they were nominated for four Grammy awards. The quartet released two gospel albums, two Christmas albums, and three frontline albums, concluding with Front Row Seats in 2006, an unsuccessful attempt to marry a message album to mainstream country with modern, aggressive arrangements and song selection, including the single "It's Hard to Be Cool in a Mini-Van".

In 2007, they returned to their namesake, Oak Ridge, Tennessee. They were the featured performers at the Secret City Festival and received a tour of the Y-12 National Security Complex's historic Calutrons. While there, a street was renamed Oak Ridge Boys Way in their honor. They appeared on Shooter Jennings' The Wolf, which led to their own album, The Boys Are Back, in 2009. Named for the title song written by Jennings, it debuted at number 16 on the Billboard Country chart and number 77 on the Top 200. The album was produced by Dave Cobb, who came to the project through Jennings. Reviews were mixed, but most praised their cover of The White Stripes song "Seven Nation Army".

In 2011, they became members of the Grand Ole Opry, ^{[13][14][15][16]} making them the only group to be inducted twice, albeit in two different incarnations (the Fowler group was inducted in 1945).^[17] 2011 also brought It's Only Natural, which debuted at number 16 on the Billboard Country albums chart, remaining in the country top 40 for almost two months. It contained five new songs, six re-recordings of hits from the Sanders era, a new version of Golden's 1990 solo single, "Louisiana Red Dirt Highway", and a 30th-anniversary updating of "Elvira".

In 2015, they were inducted into the Country Music Hall of Fame by Kenny Rogers, with whom the Oaks often toured during their peak years.^[18][19][20] (Though featured on most of their later hits, Sanders was not inducted.) That same year, they revisited "Elvira" in a collaboration with Home Free. The resulting video was a hit, reaching 90,000 views within 24 hours.^[21]

In 2017, the Oak Ridge Boys joined Third Day at FAME Studios in Muscle Shoals, Alabama, to record a cover of Paul Simon's "Loves Me Like a Rock" for the Third Day album, Revival. This was the second time for the Oaks to record the song, having first covered it on their Columbia debut in 1974. In 2018, they sang "Amazing Grace" at the funeral of the 41st President of the United States, George H. W. Bush, as he had requested.^[22]

2021–present: 50th anniversary tour, James succeeds Bonsall

On September 19, 2023, due to the rapid decline in Joe Bonsall's health, the Oak Ridge Boys hurriedly announced that all remaining dates on the tour marking their golden anniversary under the then-current lineup would be billed as a farewell tour.^[23] Bonsall was dying of what was subsequently revealed to be amyotropic lateral sclerosis, to which he succumbed on July 9, 2024, aged 76.^[24] His last appearance was on December 17th, 2023, at a concert in DeKalb, Illinois. Although Bonsall did not publicly announce his retirement until January, he left the group at the end of their annual Christmas tour and was replaced by Ben James, previously of Doyle Lawson & Quicksilver, before the year was out. James debuted as Oaks' tenor on December 30th at a concert in Biloxi.^[25] It was initially expected that Bonsall would be included in some way on the group's next album;^[26] ultimately he took no part in the project.

In October 2024, the group released their 24th album, Mama's Boys, dedicated to Bonsall and featuring a guest appearance from Willie Nelson.^[27] The addition of James to the lineup led the group to cancel its retirement plans and continue performing.^[28]

In the spring of 2025, the Oak Ridge Boys announced on Facebook that, due to ongoing health issues, Richard Sterban was replaced on tour by Aaron McCune until further notice. This was not the first time McCune filled in, but most dates were played by Tim Duncan in Sterban's place.^[29]

Discography

Main article: The Oak Ridge Boys discography

Personnel

Current members

• William Lee Golden – baritone (1965–87, 1996-present)
• Duane Allen – lead, occasional rhythm guitar (1966–present)
• Richard Sterban – bass (1972–present)
• Ben James – tenor (2023–present)
• Tim Duncan - bass touring substitute (2025)
• Aaron McCune - bass (2022-24 occasional fill-in, 2025 touring substitute)

Former members

• Curly Kinsey – bass (1945–47)
• Lon "Deacon" Freeman – baritone, guitar (1945–49)
• Wally Fowler – lead (1945–52)
• Johnny New – tenor (1945–49, 1952)
• Monroe (Curley) Blaylock – bass (1947–49)
• Bob Weber – bass (1949–56)
• Pat Patterson – baritone (1949–52), lead (1952–53)
• Joe Allred – tenor (1949–52)
• Bob Prather – baritone (1952)
• Carlos Cook – lead (1952–53); baritone (1953-54)
• Calvin Newton – lead (1953–56)
• Cat Freeman – tenor (1954–56)
• Les Roberson – baritone (1955–56)
• Ron Page – bass (1956)
• Bill Smith – bass (1957)
• Ronnie Page – baritone (1957–62)
• Smitty Gatlin – lead (1957–58, 1959–66); tenor (1958–59)
• Hobert Evans – tenor (1957–58)
• Wallace Edwards – tenor fill-in (1958)
• Bobby Clark – tenor (1958)
• Tommy Fairchild – lead (1958–59); piano (1959–60, 1961–72)
• Herman Harper – bass (1957–68)
• Willie Wynn – tenor (1958–73)
• Gary McSpadden – baritone (1962–63)
• Jim Hamill – baritone (1963–64)
• Noel Fox – bass (1969–72)
• Joe Bonsall – tenor (1973–2023)
• Steve Sanders – baritone (1987–95); rhythm guitar (1982–1987)
• Dee Allen – baritone fill-in (1995)
• Paul Martin – baritone fill-in (1995); bass guitar (1997-2002)

Timeline

Band

Current members

• Rex Wiseman – fiddle, pedal steel guitar, mandolin, guitar (2003–present)
• Scotty Simpson – bass guitar (2013–present)
• Austin Curcuruto – drums, percussion (2017–present)
• Darin Favorite – lead guitar (2021–present)
• Andrew Ishee – piano (2024–present)

Former members

• Boyce Hawkins – piano (1949)
• Bobby Whitfield – piano (1950–52, 1954–1956)
• Glen Allred – guitar, vocals (1951–52)
• Powell Hassell – piano (1957–58)
• Gary Trusler – piano (1960)
• James Goss – piano (1960)
• Mark Ellerbee – drums (1969–79)
• Don Breland – bass guitar (1969–87)
• John Rich – guitar, steel guitar (1972–75)
• Tony Brown – piano and keyboards (1972–75)
• Garland Craft – piano (1975–80)
• B James Lowry - lead guitar (1976), (1987-1990)
• Skip Mitchell – guitar (1976–87)
• Marty Glisson – piano (1976)
• Michael Saleem – drums (1979)
• Fred Satterfield – drums (1980–98)
• Pete Cummings – lead guitar (1980–1982)
• Ron Fairchild – piano (1980–2001, 2002–09, 2013–2024; as substitute 2009–2012)
• Dewey Dorough – saxophone, harmonica (1982–1998)^[30]
• Paul Uhrig – bass guitar (1987–1988), (1995-1997)
• Dave Watson - bass guitar (1988-1994)
• Kent Wells - lead guitar (1991)
• Don Carr – lead guitar (1991–2014)
• Chris Golden – acoustic guitar, mandolin (1996-1998); drums (1998–2014)
• Jeff Douglas – guitar, dobro (1995–2021)
• Jimmy Fulbright – piano (2001); bass guitar (2003–12)
• Kyle Tullis - bass guitar (2002-2003)
• Chris Nole – piano (2009–12)
• David Northup – drums, percussion (2014–2017)
• Roger Eaton – lead guitar (2014–2021)
• James Watkins – lead guitar (2021)

Awards and honors

Grammy Awards^[31]

• 1971: Best Gospel Performance (other than soul) – "Talk About the Good Times"
• 1975: Best Gospel Performance (other than soul) – "Baptism of Jesse Taylor"
• 1977: Best Gospel Performance (other than soul) – "Where the Soul Never Dies"
• 1978: Best Traditional Gospel Performance – "Just a Little Talk with Jesus"
• 1982: Best Country Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal – "Elvira"
• 1999: Best Polka Album – Dance With Me (with Jimmy Sturr)^[32]

American Music Awards^[33]

• 1982: Best Country Group
• 1985: Best Country Video – "Everyday"

Academy of Country Music Awards^[34]

• 1978: Top Vocal Group
• 1979: Top Vocal Group
• 1979: Best Album – Y'all Come Back Saloon
• 1982: Single of the Year – "Elvira"

Country Music Association Awards^[35]

• 1978: Instrumental Group of the Year (Oak Ridge Boys Band)
• 1978: Vocal Group of the Year
• 1981: Single of the Year – "Elvira"
• 1986: Instrumental Group of the Year (Oak Ridge Boys Band)

Other honors

• 2000: Inducted into the Gospel Music Hall of Fame^[36]
• 2015: Inducted into the Country Music Hall of Fame^[37]