Timeline of Almaty

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The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Almaty, Almaty Province, Kazakhstan.

19th century

• 1854 – Fort Zailiyskoe erected and then renamed Fort Vernoe ("Loyal").
• 1867 – The settlement around the fortress officially renamed Verny.
• 1870s – Panfilov Park laid out.^[1]
• 1871 – Population: 12,000.^[2]
• 1884 – Synagogue established.^[3]
• 1887 – 9 June: A magnitude 7.3 earthquake affected the city with a maximum Mercalli intensity of X (Extreme),^[4] destroying the city and fort. Brick construction was subsequently banned in favor of wood and adobe as more earthquake resistant.

20th century

• 1907 – Ascension Cathedral built.
• 1910 – Population: 24,798.^[5]
• 1911 – 3 January: An earthquake with a magnitude of 7.7–8.7 affected the city with a maximum Mercalli intensity of X–XI (Extreme), causing 450 deaths,^[4] although the avoidance of brick in construction proved helpful.
• 1914 – Population: 36,000.^[6]
• 1918 – Soviets in power; city becomes part of the Turkestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic.
• 1921 – Verny renamed Alma-Ata ("Father of Apples").^[7]
• 1927 – Capital of the Kazak Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic relocates to Alma-Ata from Kyzylorda.
• 1928 – Kazakh State Theatre relocates to Alma-Ata.^[8]
• 1930 – Turkestan-Siberia Railway begins operating.^{[citation needed]}
• 1931 – Central State Museum of Kazakhstan^[9] and National Library of Kazakhstan established.^[10]
• 1934
  • Abay Opera House and Kazakh State University open.
  • Alma-Ata Documentary Film Studio established.^[11]
  • Uighur Music and Drama theatre group founded.^[8]
• 1935
  • Almaty Airport built.
  • National Art Gallery opens.^[9]
• 1936
  • City becomes capital of the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic.
  • Almaty Zoo opens.
• 1939 – Population: 230,528.^[12]
• 1941 – Central United Film Studio established.^[11]
• 1944 – Alma-Ata Studio for Feature and Documentary Films established.^[11]
• 1946 – Kurmangazy Conservatory established.^{[citation needed]}
• 1949 – Almaty District Library established.^[10]
• 1951 – Medeo skating rink opens.
• 1954 – Lokomotiv Almaty football club formed.
• 1958 – Almaty Central Stadium opens.
• 1960 – Republican Scientific-Technical Library established.^[9]
• 1963 – Korean Theatre relocates to Almaty.^[13]
• 1967 – Kok Tobe cable car begins operating.^{[citation needed]}
• 1970 – Hotel Kazakhstan built.
• 1972 – Medeu Dam built.
• 1978
  • Republican Book Museum opens.^[9]
  • September: International Conference on Primary Health Care held.
• 1979 – Population: 975,000.^[14]
• 1980 – Kazakhstan National Museum of Instruments founded.^[9]
• 1983 – Almaty Tower built.
• 1985 – Population: 1,068,000 (estimate).^[15]
• 1986 – December: Jeltoqsan protests against Soviet regime.^[16]
• 1989 – Voice of Asia lip synching contest begins.^{[citation needed]}
• 1991
  • 21 December: Alma-Ata Protocol signed, establishing the Commonwealth of Independent States.
  • City becomes capital of independent Republic of Kazakhstan.
• 1992
  • Karavan begins publication.^[17]
  • Central State Archives of Recent History headquartered in city.^[9]
  • Akhmetzhan Yesimov becomes head of Alma-Ata regional government.^[18]
• 1993
  • Alma-Ata officially renamed Almaty.^[19]
  • Kazakh Interbank Currency Exchange headquartered in Almaty.^[20]
  • Kazakhskaya Pravda in publication.^[17]
  • Kazakhstan Institute for Strategic Studies founded.^[21]
  • Population: 1,176,000 (estimate).^[22]
• 1995 – Katelco established.
• 1997
  • Kazakh capital moved from Almaty to Astana.^[16]
  • Zamanbek Nurkadilov becomes governor of the Almaty region.^{[citation needed]}
• 1998 – Mukhtar Auezov Museum-House built.^[23]
• 2000
  • Respublika (Kazakh newspaper) begins publication.
  • Football Club Tsesna formed.

21st century

• 2001 – Public Policy Research Center, and Center for Foreign Policy and Analysis founded.^[21]
• 2003 – International Institute for Modern Politics founded.^[21]
• 2006 – Protest.^[24]
• 2007 – Almaty Cup tennis tournament begins.
• 2008
  • Haileybury Almaty school founded.
  • Akhmetzhan Yessimov becomes mayor.
• 2009 – Population: 1,365,105.^[25]
• 2011
  • Almaty Metro begins operating.
  • 2011 Asian Winter Games held.
• 2012 – Population: 1,472,866.
• 2013
  • January: Airplane crash near city kills at least 20 people. No survivors reported.^[26]
  • City hosts P5+1-Iran meetings.^[27]
• 2014 – Economic protest.^[28]
• 2015 – Baibek Bauyrzhan becomes mayor.

See also

• Almaty history
• List of Akims of Almaty City
• List of universities in Almaty
• Other names of Almaty
• History of Kazakhstan