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Timeline of Budapest

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

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The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Budapest, Hungary.

Before 16th century

  • 1st C. CE - Romans found the settlements known as Aquincum, Contra-Aquincum and Campona. Aquincum becomes the largest town of the Danubian region and one of the capitals of Pannonia.[1]
  • 376 CE - Aquincum invaded by the Huns.[2]
  • 5th C. - The Age of Huns.[1] King Attila builds a city for himself here according to later chronicles. After his death, the sons of his brother controlled the united Hun tribes.
  • 896 - Following the foundation of Hungary, Árpád, leader of the Hungarians, settles in the "Town of Attila", usually identified as Aquincum.
  • 10th C. - Out of the seven to ten Hungarian tribes, four have settlements in the territory of modern Budapest: Megyer, Keszi, Jenő and Nyék.[citation needed]
  • end of 10th C. - Magyars came into the country and preserved the names of Buda and Pest.[2]
  • 1015 - Matthias Church established (approximate date).[2]
  • 1046 - Bishop Gerard of Csanád dies at the hands of pagans on present-day Gellért Hill.
  • 1241 - Mongol invasion destroys both towns.[1][2]
  • 1244 - Created a royal free city by Bela IV.[2]
  • 1248 - King Béla IV builds the first royal castle on Castle Hill, Buda.[1] The new town adopts the name of Buda from the earlier one (present day Óbuda). Pest is surrounded by city walls.[2]
  • 1255 - Matthias Church reconstruction begins.[2]
  • 1265 - Buda Castle first completed.[2]
  • 1270 - Saint Margaret of Hungary dies in a cloister on the Isle of Rabbits (present day Margaret Island).
  • 1320 - Royal wedding of King Charles I of Hungary and Princess Elizabeth of Poland, Hungarian–Polish alliance formed.[3]
  • 1361 - Buda became the capital of Hungary.[2]
  • 1458 - The noblemen of Hungary elect Matthias Corvinus (in Latin) or Hunyadi Mátyás (in Hungarian) as king on the ice of the Danube. Under his reign Buda becomes a main hub of European Renaissance. He dies in 1490, after capturing Vienna in 1485.
  • 1472 - Printing press established in Buda.[4]
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16th to 18th centuries

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Buda and Pest in the early 17th century
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19th century

  • 1810 - A fire in the Tabán district.
  • 1811 - City Park laid out in Pest.
  • 1823 - Fasori Gimnázium (school) founded.
  • 1825 - Commencement of the Reform Era. Pest becomes the cultural and economic centre of the country. The first National Theatre is built, along with the Hungarian National Museum.
  • 1830 - Steamboat to Vienna begins operating.[9]
  • 1833 - Vigadó Concert Hall opens in Pest.
  • 1836 - Pest-Buda Musical Association [hu] founded.
  • 1838 - 1838 Pest flood [hu].[10] The biggest flood in recent memory in March completely inundates Pest.
  • 1839 - Industrial flour mill begins operating.[11]
  • 1844 - Ganz Works iron foundry in business in Buda.
  • 1846 - Vác-Budapest railway begins operating.[11][12]
  • 1848 - 15 March - Start of the Revolution and War of Independence of 1848-49. Pest replaces Pozsony/Pressburg (Bratislava) as the new capital of Hungary and seat of the Batthyány government and the Parliament.
  • 1849
    • 5 January: Austrians occupy the city.[9]
    • April: Hungarian Honvédsereg (Army of National Defense) reclaims city,[13] taking the fortress of Buda on May 21 after an 18-day Battle of Buda (1849).
    • July: Habsburg army again captures the two towns.[9]
    • 6 October - Lajos Batthyány, the first Hungarian Prime Minister is executed on the present-day Szabadság tér.[9]
    • Széchenyi Lánchíd, or Széchenyi Chain Bridge, the first permanent bridge across the Danube in Budapest was opened linking Buda (West bank) and Pest (East bank).[8]
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Buda and Pest in the mid-19th century

1873–1900

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Budapest in the 1870s
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Hungarian State Opera House in the 1890s
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Budapest in the 1890s
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National Millennium Exhibition poster, 1896
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20th century

1901–1945

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Aerial view of Budapest in 1910

1946–1990s

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Hungarian Revolution of 1956 in Budapest
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21st century

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See also

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References

Bibliography

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