Timeline of Erfurt

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Erfurt, Germany.

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.

Prior to 19th century

• 741 - Roman Catholic Diocese of Erfurt established.^[1]
• 755 - Catholic diocese absorbed into that of Mainz.^[2]
• 805 - Market rights granted by Charlemagne.^[2]
• 932 - Religious Synod of Erfurt held.^[3]
• 1060 - Benedictine Peterskloster [de] (monastery) first recorded mention.^[3]
• 1094 - Old Synagogue construction begins ^[4]
• 1109 - Landgrave of Thuringia in power.^[2]
• 1255 - Municipal rights granted by bishop Gerhard I. von Dhaun [de].^[2]
• 1277 - Building of St. Augustine's Monastery begun.^[5]
• 1290 - Rebuilt St. Mary's Cathedral consecrated.^[6]
• 1325 - Stone Merchant's Bridge built.^[7]
• 1349 - 21 March: Pogrom against Jews.
• 1392 - University of Erfurt opens.^[7]
• 1472 - Fire.^[7]
• 1480 - Building of Cyriaksburg Citadel begun.^[8]
• 1483 - Saxons in power per Treaty of Amorbach.^[7]
• 1494 - Printing press in operation.^[9]
• 1521 - Protestant reformation.^[2]
• 1664 - Erfurt becomes part of the Electorate of Mainz.^[2]
• 1665 - Foundation stone for Petersberg Citadel laid on 1 June 1665.^[10]
• 1754 - Akademie gemeinnütziger Wissenschaften zu Erfurt [de] (learned society) formed.^[11]

19th century

• 1802 - Erfurt becomes part of Prussia.^[2]
• 1806 - 16 October: Prussian forces capitulate to French at Erfurt during the War of the Fourth Coalition.
• 1807 - Principality of Erfurt of the French Empire established.
• 1808 - International Congress of Erfurt held in the Kaisersaal [de] and other venues from 27 September to 14 October 1808 .^[2]
• 1816 - University of Erfurt closes.^[7]
• 1840 - Kleine Synagoge (Erfurt) [de] (synagogue) built.^[3]
• 1847 - Erfurt Hauptbahnhof (train station) opens.
• 1850 - Erfurt Union of German states created.
• 1862 - Königlich Preußische Gewehrfabrik Erfurt [de] (manufactory) established.
• 1863 - Verein für die Geschichte und Altertumskunde von Erfurt [de] (history society) founded.^[3]
• 1865 - Stadtarchiv Erfurt [de] (city archives) established.^[12]
• 1869 - Nordhausen–Erfurt railway begins operating.
• 1875 - Rathaus (Erfurt) [de] (town hall) built.^[2]
• 1878 - Topf and Sons founded as an engineering firm. It later made crematoria for Nazi concentration camps.
• 1878 - the Andreasstrasse Prison opened.
• 1880 - Population: 53,254.^[13]
• 1884 - Große Synagoge (Erfurt) [de] (synagogue) built.
• 1889 - Martin Luther monument (Erfurt) [de] erected on the Anger [de].^[3]
• 1891 - Meeting of the Social Democratic Party of Germany held in city; "Erfurt Program" adopted.
• 1895 - Population: 78,174.^[14]

20th century

• 1909 - Gutenbergschule (school) opens.
• 1911 - Ilversgehofen [de] becomes part of Erfurt.^(de)
• 1919 - Population: 129,646.^[15]
• 1937 - Population: 152,651.^(de)
• 1938 - Hochheim and Melchendorf [de] become part of Erfurt.^(de)
• 1940 - Bombing of Erfurt in World War II [de] started.^[3]
• 1945
  • April: United States forces take city.^[3]
  • July: City becomes part of the Soviet Occupation zone of Germany.^[3]
• 1949 - City becomes part of the German Democratic Republic.^[3]
• 1945 - Thüringische Landeszeitung (newspaper) begins publication.
• 1950
  • Bindersleben [de], Bischleben-Stedten, Dittelstedt, Gispersleben, Marbach, Möbisburg-Rhoda, and Schmira become part of Erfurt.^(de)
  • City becomes capital of the Kreis Erfurt-Land [de] (district).^[7]
• 1952 - Neue Synagoge (Erfurt) [de] (synagogue) built.
• 1958 - Thüringer Zoopark Erfurt [de] founded.^[16]
• 1960 - Heimattreue Erfurter [de] association of Erfurters who moved to West Germany founded.^[3]
• 1971 - Population: 198,265.^(de)
• 1974 - Stadtmuseum Erfurt [de] opens in the Haus zum Stockfisch [de].^[3]
• 1989 - Demonstrations against the GDR government,^[17] and citizens' occupation of the Stasi district headquarters and Stasi prison in Andreasstrasse.^[18]
• 1990
  • City becomes capital of state of Thuringia in the reunited nation of Germany.^[7]
  • Manfred Ruge [de] becomes mayor.
  • Thüringer Allgemeine newspaper in publication.
• 1993 - University of Erfurt reestablished.^[7]
• 1994
  • Alach [de], Azmannsdorf [de], Büßleben, Egstedt, Ermstedt, Frienstedt, Gottstedt, Hochstedt, Kerspleben, Kühnhausen, Linderbach, Mittelhausen, Molsdorf, Niedernissa, Rohda, Salomonsborn, Schaderode, Schwerborn, Stotternheim, Tiefthal, Töttelstädt, Töttleben, Urbich, Vieselbach, Wallichen, Waltersleben, and Windischholzhausen become part of Erfurt.^(de)
  • Roman Catholic Diocese of Erfurt reestablished.^[1]
• 1995 - Naturkundemuseum Erfurt (museum) built.^[3]
• 1997 - Erfurt Stadtbahn (tram) begins operating.

21st century

• 2001 - April: Topf and Sons squat begins.^[19]
• 2002 - 26 April: Erfurt school massacre occurs.
• 2006 - Andreas Bausewein becomes mayor.
• 2007 - Erfurter Bahn (railway) begins operating.
• 2010 - Population: 204,994.^(de)

See also

• History of Erfurt [de]
• List of mayors of Erfurt (1817–present; in German)
• History of the Jews in Erfurt
• List of heritage sites in Erfurt [de]
• Thuringia history (state)