Timeline of Mannheim

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Mannheim, Germany.

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.

Prior to 19th century

• 1606 - Mannheimer Rheinschanze [de] (fortification) construction begins.
• 1607 - Mannheim granted town privileges by Frederick IV, Elector Palatine.^[1]
• 1622 - Thirty Years' War: Capture of Mannheim by Imperial-Spanish forces.
• 1660 - Synagogue built.^(de)
• 1688 - Manheim taken by French forces during the Nine Years' War.^[1]
• 1689 - Fire.^[1]
• 1701 - Almshouse (predecessor of university hospital mannheim) founded^[2]
• 1706 - Lemle-Moses-Klaussynagoge [de] founded.
• 1720 - Residence of Charles III Philip, Elector Palatine relocated to Mannheim from Heidelberg.^[1]
• 1729 - Population: 15,760.^(de)
• 1731 - Mannheim Palace Church built.
• 1756 - Jesuit Church, Mannheim built.
• 1759 - Mannheim Palace completed.^[1]
• 1766 - Population: 24,190.^(de)
• 1771 - Town Hall built.^[1]
• 1774 - Mannheim Observatory tower built.
• 1775 - Deutsche Gesellschaft in Mannheim active.^[3]
• 1779
  • Zeughaus (Mannheim) [de] (arsenal) built.
  • Mannheim National Theatre founded.
• 1782 - 13 January: Premiere of Schiller's play The Robbers.
• 1788 - Palais Bretzenheim built.

Mannheim in the 1790s

• 1794 - French in power.^[1]
• 1795
  • Mannheim besieged during the Campaigns of 1795 in the French Revolutionary Wars.^[1]
  • Austrians in power.^[1]

19th century

• 1803 - Mannheim becomes part of the Electorate of Baden.^[1]
• 1806 - Mannheim becomes part of the Grand Duchy of Baden.
• 1819 - March: Writer August von Kotzebue assassinated.^[1]
• 1828 - Mannheim Harbour opens on the Rhine river.
• 1837 - Mannheimer Journal [de] newspaper begins publication.^[4]
• 1840 - Heidelberg-Mannheim railway begins operating.
• 1849 - Political unrest during the Baden Revolution.^[1]
• 1855 - Hauptsynagoge (Mannheim) [de] (synagogue) built.
• 1859 - Heinrich Lanz AG machinery manufactory in business.
• 1876 - Mannheim Hauptbahnhof (train station) built.
• 1880 - Population: 53,465.^[5]
• 1891 - Mannheim Fire Brigade [de] active.
• 1895 - Friesenheimer Insel [de] becomes part of Mannheim.^[6]
• 1896 - Population: 94,160.^(de)
• 1897 - Käfertal becomes part of Mannheim.^[6]
• 1899 - Neckarau [de] becomes part of Mannheim.^[6]
• 1900 - Population: 141,131.^[7]

20th century

1900s-1940s

Mannheim in the 1900s

• 1905 - Population: 162,607.^[1]
• 1907
  • Industriehafen Mannheim (harbour) opens on the Neckar river.
  • Stadtarchiv Mannheim [de] (city archives) established.
  • Kunsthalle Mannheim (exhibit hall) built.
  • SV Waldhof Mannheim (sport club) formed.
  • Population: 173,424.^(de)
• 1910 - Feudenheim [de] becomes part of Mannheim.^[6]
• 1911
  • Christuskirche (Mannheim) [de] (church) built.
  • Population: 200,285.^(de)
• 1912 - Mannheim Firehouse [de] built.
• 1913 - Rheinau [de] and Sandhofen become part of Mannheim.^[6]
• 1914 - Bachchor Mannheim [de] (choir) formed.
• 1919 - Population: 229,576.^[8]
• 1924 - Mannheim Hospital (now University Hospital Mannheim) opened on the banks of the river Neckar^[9]
• 1925 - "Neue Sachlichkeit [de]" art exhibition held.
• 1926 - Airfield established at Neuostheim.
• 1929 - Wallstadt [de] becomes part of Mannheim.^[6]
• 1930
  • Friedrichsfeld [de], Kirschgartshausen [de], Sandtorf [de], Seckenheim [de], Straßenheim [de] become part of Mannheim.^[6]
  • Population: 271,833.^(de)
• 1938
  • November: Kristallnacht pogrom against Jews.
  • Landkreis Mannheim [de] (district) formed.
  • Eisstadion am Friedrichspark (ice rink) built.
• 1940 - Bombing of Mannheim in World War II begins.^[10]

American troops in Mannheim in 1945

• 1944
  • September: Mannheim-Sandhofen subcamp of the Natzweiler-Struthof concentration camp established for Poles deported from Warsaw during the Warsaw Uprising.^[11][12]
  • 2 October: First attempt to escape from the Mannheim-Sandhofen subcamp.^[11]
  • 15 December: Three Polish prisoners of the Mannheim-Sandhofen subcamp killed in an Allied bombing.^[11]
• 1945
  • 4 January: Public execution of a Polish prisoner of the Mannheim-Sandhofen subcamp.^[11]
  • February: Some prisoners deported from the Mannheim-Sandhofen subcamp to forced labour in Kochendorf.^[11]
  • March: Remaining prisoners deported to Vaihingen an der Enz and Kochendorf; Mannheim-Sandhofen subcamp dissolved.^[11]
  • 29 March: Americans capture the city.
  • 6 April: Prisoner of War Executive (PWX) Camp No. 1 for liberated Allied POWs established.^[13]
  • June: The PWX Camp No. 1 converted into the Polish PWX Camp No. 1.^[14]
  • July: United States Coleman Army Airfield begins operating.
• 1946
  • Mannheimer Morgen [de] newspaper begins publication.^[4]
  • Polish PWX Camp No. 1 converted into the Tadeusz Kościuszko Civilian Guard Training Center, and later renamed to Tadeusz Kościuszko Theater Civilian Guard Training and Replacement Center for former Polish POWs.^[15]
• 1947
  • United States military Benjamin Franklin Village established.
  • 8 November: Polish Tadeusz Kościuszko Theater Civilian Guard Training and Replacement Center dissolved.^[16]
• 1949 - Mannheim Waterways and Shipping [de] office established.

1950s-1990s

• 1955 - Mannheimer Liste [de] Free Voters established.
• 1957 - National Theatre Mannheim rebuilt.
• 1959 - Rhine Bridge rebuilt.
• 1961 - Population: 313,890.^(de)
• 1967 - University of Mannheim established.
• 1970
  • Landgericht Mannheim [de] (courthouse) built.
  • Population: 332,378.^(de)
• 1972 - Kurt-Schumacher-Brücke (Mannheim) [de] (bridge) opens.
• 1975
  • Fernmeldeturm Mannheim (communication tower) erected.
  • National Bundesgartenschau 1975 [de] (garden show) held in Mannheim.
• 1976 - Federal electoral districts Mannheim I [de], II [de], and III [de] formed.
• 1979 - Odeon cinema opens.^[17]

Mannheim in the 1980s

• 1987 - Synagoge (Mannheim) [de] built on the Paradeplatz (Mannheim) [de].
• 1991
  • Mannheimer Stadthaus [de] (city hall) built.
  • Mannheim–Stuttgart high-speed railway begins operating.
• 1992 - Revised federal electoral districts Mannheim I [de] and II [de] formed.
• 1994
  • 5 December: Aircraft crashes into the Fernmeldeturm.
  • Carl-Benz-Stadion (stadium) opens.
• 1995 - Yavuz Sultan Selim Mosque built.

21st century

• 2002 - Revised federal Mannheim (electoral district) formed.
• 2003
  • Popakademie Baden-Württemberg (music school) established.
  • Glaskubus [de] memorial erected on the Mannheimer Planken [de].
• 2004 - Musikpark Mannheim [de] (business office) opens.
• 2005 - SAP Arena opens.
• 2007
  • Peter Kurz becomes mayor.
  • August: City hosts the 2007 FEI European Jumping Championship.
• 2010
  • May: City co-hosts the 2010 IIHF World Championship.
  • Population: 313,174.^(de)
• 2011 - United States Army Garrison Mannheim [de] closes.
• 2014 - 25 May: Baden-Württemberg local election, 2014 [de] held.^(de)
• 2024 Mannheim stabbing
• 2025 Mannheim car attack

See also

• History of Mannheim [de]
• List of monuments in Mannheim [de]
• History of Baden-Württemberg state
• History of Baden territory (in German)

Other cities in the state of Baden-Württemberg:^(de)

• Timeline of Stuttgart