Timeline of Vienna

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Vienna, Austria.

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.

Prior to 19th century

• c. 100 – Vindobona settled.^[1]
• 180 – Roman emperor Marcus Aurelius dies in Vindobona.
• 740 - Church of St Ruprecht, the oldest church in Vienna, first built.^[2]
• 881 – The Bavarians had their first clash at Wenia with the Hungarians (first mention of Vienna).
• 1030 – The Hungarians besiege Vienna.
• 1155
  • Henry II, Duke of Austria appoints Vienna as capital city^{[clarification needed]}.^[3]
  • Schottenstift founded.
• 1160 – St. Stephen's Cathedral built.
• 1221 – Vienna receives rights as staple port.
• 1237 – Vienna received a charter of freedom from Frederick II., confirmed in 1247.^[2]
• 1251 – Ottokar II of Bohemia in power.
• 1276 – Foundation stone for the Minorites Church laid by King Ottokar II of Bohemia.^[4]
• 1278 – City charter granted.^[5]
• 1280 – Jans der Enikel writes the Fürstenbuch, a first history of the city.
• 1349 – Augustinian Church consecrated.
• 1365 – University of Vienna founded.^[2]
• 1421 – Jews expelled.
• 1482 – Johann Winterburger sets up printing press (approximate date).^[6]
• 1485
  • Siege of Vienna by Kingdom of Hungary, city passed to Hungary.
  • Royal Court of King Matthias Corvinus of Hungary relocated to Vienna (known as Bécs in Hungarian).
• 1515 – First Congress of Vienna.
• 1529 – Siege of Vienna by Turks.
• 1556 – Vienna becomes seat of Holy Roman Empire under Ferdinand I.
• 1598 – Donaukanal regulated.
• 1602 – Melchior Klesl becomes Bishop of Vienna.
• 1643 – Schönbrunn Palace built.
• 1668 – July: premiere of Cesti's opera Il pomo d'oro.^[7]
• 1678 – Palais Modena completed.
• 1679 – Great Plague of Vienna.

Battle of Vienna in 1683

• 1683 – Battle of Vienna.^[8]
• 1684 – Kollschitzky coffeehouse in business.^[9]
• 1692 – Academy of Fine Arts Vienna founded.
• 1702 – Palais Strozzi completed.
• 1703 – Palais Liechtenstein built.^[10]
• 1704 – Linienwall fortification built.
• 1709 – Theater am Kärntnertor built.
• 1712 – Palais Trautson completed.
• 1713 – Plague epidemic.
• 1716 – Palais Kinsky completed.^[11]
• 1718 – Vienna Porcelain Manufactory founded.^[12]
• 1724 – Population: 150,000.
• 1735 – Winter Riding School built.
• 1741 – Burgtheater opens.^[13]
• 1752^[14] or 1765^[15] – Schönbrunn Zoo opens.

Dominican Church between 1758 and 1761 (painting by Bernardo Bellotto)

• 1762 – Premiere of Gluck's opera Orfeo ed Euridice.^[16]
• 1765 – Artaria publishing firm founded.
• 1766 – Prater opens.
• 1770 – Chess-playing Mechanical Turk introduced at Schönbrunn Palace.
• 1772 – Freyung Christmas market begins.
• 1781 – Mozart arrives to Vienna from Salzburg.
• 1786
  • Demel confectionery and Gesellschaft der Associierten founded.
  • 1 May: premiere of Mozart's opera The Marriage of Figaro.
• 1790 – Population: 200,000.
• 1791 – 30 September: premiere of Mozart's The Magic Flute. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart dies.
• 1792 – Schweighofer piano manufactury established. Beethoven arrives to Vienna from Bonn.
• 1797 - 31 January: Franz Schubert is born in Alsergrund
• 1800 – 2 April: premiere of Beethoven's Symphony No. 1.

19th century

• 1802 – Palais Erdődy commissioned.
• 1805
  • 23 May: premiere of Beethoven's opera Fidelio.^[16]
  • 13 November: Napoleon takes city.
• 1807 – Czartoryski Palace built.
• 1808 – 22 December: premiere of Beethoven's Fifth and Sixth Symphonies, Choral Fantasy, and Piano Concerto No. 4 at the Theater an der Wien.
• 1809 – Battle of Aspern-Essling. Joseph Haydn dies.
• 1814
  • Congress of Vienna.
  • C.F. Peters music publisher in business.^[17]
• 1824 – 7 May: premiere of Beethoven's Symphony No. 9.
• 1827 – 27 March: Ludwig van Beethoven dies.
• 1828 – 19 November: Franz Peter Schubert dies.
• 1829 – Leopoldine Society formed.
• 1832 – Sachertorte invented.
• 1840 – Population: 231,050.^[2]
• 1842
  • Austrian Southern Railway begins.
  • Philharmonische Academie formed.
• 1847 – Austrian Academy of Sciences established.

Vienna Uprising in 1848

• 1848 – Vienna Uprising.^[18]
• 1850
  • City expanded beyond Innere Stadt.
  • Population: 551,300.
• 1858 – Vienna Ring Road constructed.
• 1860/1864 – the fine and lofty tower of the Cathedral of St Stephen rebuilt.^[2]
• 1864
  • Palais Todesco completed.
  • Neue Freie Presse newspaper begins publication.
• 1867 – Palais Toskana built.
• 1869
  • Vienna State Opera house built.
  • Population: 842,951.^[2]
• 1870
  • Works started to regulate the Danube to make it safe for navigation.^[2]
  • Musikverein inaugurated.
• 1873
  • World exposition held.^[19]
  • Café Landtmann and Hotel Imperial in business.
• 1874
  • Palais Chotek completed.
  • Premiere of Strauss's opera Die Fledermaus.^[20]
• 1875 – Danube levees constructed.
• 1876
  • Academy of Fine Arts building erected.^[21]
  • Hotel Sacher established.
  • Café Central in business.
• 1878 – Palais Nathaniel Rothschild built.
• 1879 – Geological Survey of Austria formed.
• 1880
  • Café Sperl in business.
  • Population: 1,090,119.^[2]
• 1881 – Palace of Justice, Vienna built.
• 1882 – Palmenhaus Schönbrunn (greenhouse) opens.
• 1883 – Completion of the Vienna City Hall, an immense Gothic building.^[2]
• 1884 – Palais Albert Rothschild built.
• 1885 – Goldscheider Manufactory and Majolica Factory and Alpinen Gesellschaft Edelraute (hiking club)^[22] established.
• 1886 – Hermesvilla built.^[23]
• 1887 – Historical Museum of the City of Vienna established.
• 1889 – Vienna City Archives [de] active.^[24]

Late-19th-century view of the city

• 1890 – City expanded; population: 1,364,548.^[2]
• 1891 – Kunsthistorisches Museum (art museum) opens.
• 1892 – City hosts the 1892 European Figure Skating Championships.
• 1894
  • January: city hosts the 1894 European Figure Skating Championships.
  • Palais Rothschild (Prinz-Eugen-Straße) built.^[25]
• 1895 – Palais Lanckoroński completed.
• 1897
  • Wiener Riesenrad erected.
  • April: Vienna Secession art group founded.^[26]
• 1898
  • Vienna Stadtbahn begins.
  • Secession Building constructed.^[27]
  • City hosts the 1898 ICA Track Cycling World Championships.
• 1899
  • 4 November: Freud's The Interpretation of Dreams published.
  • Die Fackel [de] magazine begins publication.^[28]
• 1900 – Population: 1,769,137.

20th century

1900s–1940s

• 1901 – Universal Edition in business.^[17]
• 1902
  • Freudenau harbor constructed.
  • Franciszek Trześniewski opens restaurant.
• 1903
  • Kuchelau harbor constructed.
  • Wiener Werkstätte art group founded.^[28]
• 1904
  • Floridsdorf district added.^[29]
  • Café Korb [de] in business.
• 1907 – City hosts the 1907 World Figure Skating Championships.
• 1908 – Vienna Psychoanalytic Society active.
• 1910 – Population: 2,031,000.
• 1912 – Aspern Airfield opens.
• 1913^[30]
  • 23 February: premiere of Schoenberg's Gurre-Lieder.^[31]
  • Richard Weiskirchner [de] becomes mayor.
• 1915 – April: Conference of Central European Socialist Parties held in Vienna.

Palais Modena in 1916

• 1916 – 30 November: funeral of Franz Joseph I of Austria.
• 1918 – Red Vienna begins.
• 1919
  • Lainzer Tiergarten opens.
  • Jakob Reumann becomes mayor.
• 1920
  • Austrian National Library established.
  • Hungarian Historical Institute in Vienna founded.^[32]
• 1921
  • The Geistkreis seminar begins.
  • Österreichische Bundesgärten [de] (garden) established.^[33]
  • International Working Union of Socialist Parties founded in Vienna.^[34]
• 1923
  • Karl Seitz becomes mayor.^[5]
  • Phaidon Press founded.
• 1924 – Collegium Hungaricum Vienna founded.^[32]
• 1925 – Kolosseum [de] (cinema) opens.^[35]
• 1929 – Austrian Bridge Federation founded.
• 1931 – Ernst-Happel-Stadion built.
• 1934 – Richard Schmitz becomes mayor.

Anschluss in 1938

• 1938
  • Anschluss.
  • Hermann Neubacher becomes mayor.
  • City expands.
• 1940 – Philipp Wilhelm Jung becomes mayor.
• 1941 – Kehal Adas Yereim Vien established.
• 1942 – Bombing begins.
• 1943
  • 30 August: Vienna-Schwechat (Heidfeld) subcamp of the Mauthausen concentration camp established. Its prisoners were mostly Polish, Soviet, Italian and Spanish.^[36]
  • 30 December: Hanns Blaschke becomes mayor.
• 1944
  • Vienna-Schwechat ('Santa') subcamp of Mauthausen established.^[36]
  • 13 July: Vienna-Schwechat (Heidfeld) subcamp dissolved,^[36] Vienna-Floridsdorf subcamp of Mauthausen established. Prisoners moved from Schwechat (Heidfeld) to Floridsdorf.^[36]
  • 20 August: Vienna-Saurerwerke subcamp of Mauthausen established. Its prisoners were mostly Poles and Soviet citizens.^[36]
  • September: Vienna-Hinterbrühl subcamp of Mauthausen established. Its prisoners were mostly Polish, Soviet and Italian.^[36]
  • 28 September: Vienna-Schönbrunn subcamp of Mauthausen established.^[36]
• 1945
  • Vienna Offensive.
  • 31 March: Vienna-Schwechat ('Santa') subcamp dissolved. Prisoners moved to the Hinterbrühl subcamp.^[36]
  • 1 April: Floridsdorf, Hinterbrühl and Schönbrunn subcamps dissolved. Prisoners are evacuated by the SS in death marches to the Steyr-Münichholz subcamp and main Mauthausen camp.^[36] Massacre of 52 Hinterbrühl prisoners, who were unable to walk.^[36]
  • 2 April: Vienna-Saurerwerke subcamp dissolved. Prisoners are evacuated by the SS in a death march to the Steyr-Münichholz subcamp, except for ill prisoners who are left behind.^[36]
  • Allied-occupied city.
  • Rudolf Prikryl becomes mayor, succeeded by Theodor Körner.
  • Soviet War Memorial installed.
• 1948 – Italian Cultural Institute in Vienna founded.^[37]

1950s–1990s

• 1951
  • March: city hosts the 1951 World Table Tennis Championships.
  • Franz Jonas becomes mayor.
• 1952 – City hosts the 1952 European Figure Skating Championships.
• 1954
  • Vienna International Airport opens.
  • Flood.
• 1955 – City hosts the 1955 World Figure Skating Championships.
• 1957
  • February: city hosts the 1957 European Figure Skating Championships.
  • International Atomic Energy Agency headquartered in Vienna.
• 1958 – Freudenauer Harbour Bridge [de] built.

Vienna in 1959

• 1959
  • Vienna Museum opens.
  • City hosts World Festival of Youth and Students.
• 1960 – Österreichische Mediathek (sound archive) headquartered in city.^[38]
• 1961 – Vienna summit of USA and USSR.
• 1962 – Vienna S-Bahn begins.
• 1964 – Österreichisches Filmmuseum established.^[38]
• 1965 – Bruno Marek becomes mayor.
• 1967
  • February–March: city hosts the 1967 World Figure Skating Championships.
  • March: city hosts the 1967 Ice Hockey World Championships.
• 1968 – Austrian Science Fund formed.
• 1969 – OPEC Headquarter moves from Geneva, Switzerland to Vienna.
• 1970 – Felix Slavik becomes mayor.
• 1971 – City hosts the 1971 World Fencing Championships.
• 1973 – Leopold Gratz becomes mayor.
• 1974 – Polish Institute in Vienna founded.^[39]

Reichsbrücke collapse in 1976

• 1976
  • 8 May: Vienna U-Bahn opens.
  • 1 August: Reichsbrücke collapse.
• 1977 – City hosts the 1977 Ice Hockey World Championships.
• 1979
  • March: city hosts the 1979 World Figure Skating Championships.
  • Vienna Islamic Centre and UNO City built.
• 1983
  • July: city hosts the 1983 World Fencing Championships.
  • Donauinselfest begins.
• 1984 – Helmut Zilk becomes mayor.
• 1985
  • Airport attack.
  • Institute of Technology Assessment founded.
• 1988
  • New Danube channel constructed.
  • ImPulsTanz Vienna International Dance Festival begins.
• 1990 – Museum in Progress created.
• 1991 – City hosts the 1991 World Rowing Championships.
• 1992 – The biggest AIDS charity event in Europe, the Life Ball begins.
• 1993 – World Conference on Human Rights held.
• 1994
  • Czech Centre in Vienna founded.^[40]
  • Michael Häupl becomes mayor.^[41]
• 1995 – Secretariat for the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe established.
• 1996 – City hosts the 1996 Men's Ice Hockey World Championships.
• 1998 – Andromeda-Tower [de] built.
• 1999 – Millennium Tower built.
• 2000
  • City website online (approximate date).^{[42][chronology citation needed]}
  • Mischek Tower built.

21st century

• 2001 – IZD Tower and Ares Tower built.
• 2003 – Lighthouse Wien founded.
• 2004 – Saturn Tower [de] built.
• 2005 – City co-hosts the 2005 IIHF World Championship.
• 2007 – EU Fundamental Rights Agency established.
• 2008
  • World Institute for Nuclear Security headquartered in city.
  • UEFA European Football Championship held.
• 2010 – Wiener Staatsballet formed.
• 2011
  • Smart City Wien begins.^[43]
  • Funeral of Otto von Habsburg.
• 2014 – Population: 1,797,337.^[44]
• 2020 – The Vienna attack occurs.

See also

• History of Vienna
• History of the Jews in Vienna
• List of mayors of Vienna
• Years in Austria
• Timelines of other cities in Austria: Graz, Linz, Salzburg