Tourism in Switzerland

Tourists are drawn to Switzerland's diverse landscape as well as the available activities, which take advantage of the Alpine climate and landscapes, in particular skiing and mountaineering, but also due to the many old town centers, with their historic buildings that often preserve parts of their medieval fortifications, and Roman sites. Switzerland is also popular for tourism-oriented railways.

As of 2016,^[update] tourism accounted for an estimated 2.6% (CHF 16.8 billion) of Switzerland's GDP, compared to 2.6% (CHF 12.8 billion) in 2001.^[1]

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History

Tourism began in Switzerland with British mountaineers climbing the main peaks of the Bernese Alps in the early 19th century.

The Alpine Club in London was founded in 1857. Reconvalescence in the Alpine, in particular from tuberculosis, was another important branch of tourism in the 19th and early 20th centuries: for example in Davos, Graubünden. Due to the prominence of the Bernese Alps in British mountaineering, the Bernese Oberland was long especially known as a tourist destination. Meiringen's Reichenbach Falls achieved literary fame as the site of the fictional death of Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's Sherlock Holmes (1893). The first organised tourist holidays to Switzerland were offered during the 19th century by Thomas Cook and Lunn Travel companies. Tourism in Switzerland had been exclusively for the rich until it became widely popular in the 20th century.^[2]

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Notable tourist destinations in Switzerland

Large cities

Smaller cities

Small towns

Resorts in the Alps

More information Bernese Oberland, Central Switzerland ...

Bernese Oberland	Central Switzerland	Eastern Switzerland	Grisons	Valais	Vaud	Ticino
Adelboden Grindelwald Gstaad Kandersteg	Andermatt Einsiedeln Engelberg	Appenzell Braunwald Flumserberg Heiden Wildhaus	Arosa Davos Klosters Samnaun Scuol St. Moritz	Aletsch Glacier Crans-Montana Leukerbad Saas-Fee Verbier Zermatt	Leysin Villars-sur-Ollon	Airolo Verzasca

Natural regions

Bernese Alps, between the Swiss Plateau and Valais, known for its high mountains (notably Eiger, Mönch and Jungfrau) and huge glaciers (notably the Aletsch Glacier), and deep valleys, like the Lauterbrunnental, with waterfalls
Valais Alps, on the left side of the Rhone valley, contains the highest mountains in the country (notably Monte Rosa and the Matterhorn) and big ski resorts like Zermatt
Gotthard Massif, with the Gotthard Pass at its heart, notable for the historic Gotthard routes (north–south axis), the Matterhorn Gotthard railway (west–east axis) and the many other high road passes (Nufenen, Grimsel, Furka, Susten, Klausen, Oberalp and Lukmanier)
Grison Alps, with the Engadin Valley or Lake Cauma
Alpstein (Mount Säntis, Ebenalp, Seealpsee), Churfirsten and Tamina Gorge in Eastern Switzerland
Lake Lucerne, the largest lake in central Switzerland, notable for the many mountain railways in the surrounding mountains, notably the Rigi and Pilatus Railway
Lake Geneva, the largest lake in the country, notable for the Riviera and the many vineyards
Lake Constance, the second largest lake in the country
Seeland, the region of Lake Neuchâtel, Lake Biel and Lake Morat
Jura Mountains, a moderately elevated mountain region north of the Swiss Plateau (e.g. Chasseral, Creux du Van, Lägern)
Rhine (Alpine Rhine, High Rhine), the largest river in the country, is notable for the Rhine Falls and Ruinaulta
Italian Lakes, a group of lakes on the Italian border (Maggiore and Lugano), notable for being the warmest place in the country

Emblematic sights

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Activities

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Perspective

Boating

The following navigation companies offer tourism-oriented boat services on Swiss lakes and rivers:

Compagnie Générale de Navigation sur le lac Léman on Lake Geneva (Lac Léman)
Zürichsee-Schifffahrtsgesellschaft on Lake Zurich (Zürichsee) and the Limmat
Lake Lucerne Navigation Company on Lake Lucerne (Vierwaldstättersee)
Schiffsbetrieb Walensee on Lake Walen (Walensee)
Schweizerische Schifffahrtsgesellschaft Untersee und Rhein on Lower Lake Constance (Untersee) and the High Rhine
Società Navigazione del Lago di Lugano on Lake Lugano (Lago di Lugano / Lago di Ceresio)
Gestione Governativa Navigazione Laghi on Lake Maggiore (Lago Maggiore)

Cycling

Cycling is popular in Switzerland, both for commuting and as a recreational activity. The country has an extensive network of national, regional and local cycling routes,^[3] along with designated mountain bike trails.^[4]

Events

Hiking

Hiking is one of the main sports activities in Switzerland and is often referred to as the "national sport". About one-third of the population practice hiking regularly, with a total of 520,000,000 kilometres (320,000,000 mi) in 130 million hours being travelled every year by the Swiss. Along with cycling, walking, in general, is the preferred form of mobility, regardless of social origins. The total hiking trail network is about 65,000 km (40,000 mi).^[5]^[6] Hiking trails in Switzerland offer a wide range of difficulty levels, catering to both casual walkers and experienced mountaineers, with many routes featuring breathtaking views of the Alps and pristine natural landscapes.^[7]

Skiing

Trains and funiculars

Tourism-oriented trains mostly run under the Panorama Express (PE) category. Examples are:

Tourist attractions

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Statistics

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Perspective

Official statistics of tourism were planned in 1852, but were only realized in 1934, and continued until 2003. Since 2004, the Federal Statistical Office had discontinued its statistics, but collaborates with Switzerland Tourism in the publication of yearly "Swiss Tourism Figures". In the year 2011, a total number of 4,967 registered hotels or hostels, offered a total of 240,000 beds in 128,000 rooms. This capacity was saturated to 41.7% (compared to 39.7% in 2005), amounting to a total of 38.8 million lodging nights. 14% of hotels were in Grisons, 12% each in the Valais and Eastern Switzerland, 11% in Central Switzerland and 9% in the Bernese Oberland. The ratio of lodging nights in relation to resident population ("tourism intensity", a measure for the relative importance of tourism to local economy) was largest in Grisons (8.3) and Bernese Oberland (5.3), compared to a Swiss average of 1.3. 56.4% of lodging nights were by visitors from abroad (broken down by nationality: 16.5% Germany, 6.3% United Kingdom, 4.8% United States, 3.6% France, 3.0% Italy).^[8]

The total financial volume associated with tourism, including transportation, is estimated to CHF 35.5 billion (as of 2010) although some of this comes from fuel tax and sales of motorway vignettes. The total gross value added from tourism is 14.9 billion. Tourism provides a total of 144,838 full-time equivalent jobs in the entire country. The total financial volume of tourist lodging is 5.19 billion CHF and eating at the lodging provides an additional 5.19 billion. The total gross value added of 14.9 billion is about 2.9% of Switzerland's 2010 nominal GDP of 550.57 billion CHF.^[9]^[10]

The most visited Swiss tourist attractions are first, the Rhine Falls, second, the Berne Bear exhibit (both without entrance fee), and third, with over 1.8 million paid entries: Zoo Basel.

Overnight stays by country

Most overnight stays in 2019 in Switzerland were from the following countries of residence:^[13]

More information Rank, Country ...

Rank	Country	Number of overnight stays
1	Germany	3,925,653
2	United States	2,474,360
3	United Kingdom	1,641,429
4	China	1,583,799
5	France	1,227,105
6	Italy	887,679
7	Gulf states	863,767
8	India	792,607
9	Netherlands	648,054
10	Belgium	636,425
Total foreign	21,639,611