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Turks in Hungary
Ethnic group in Hungary From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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The Turks in Hungary, also referred to as Turkish Hungarians and Hungarian Turks, (Hungarian: Magyarországi törökök, Turkish: Macaristan Türkleri) refers to ethnic Turks living in Hungary.
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History
The Turkish people first began to migrate predominantly from Anatolia during the Ottoman rule of Hungary (1541-1699). A second wave of Ottoman-Turkish migration occurred in the late 19th century when relations between the Ottoman Empire and the Austro-Hungarian Empire improved; most of these immigrants settled in Budapest.[2] Moreover, there has also been a recent migration of Turks from the Republic of Turkey, as well as other post-Ottoman states (such as Bulgaria).[3]
Culture
Language
Most Hungarian Turks are bilingual and can speak both Turkish and Hungarian. Moreover, due to the Ottoman rule during the 16th-17th centuries, the Turkish language has also influenced greater Hungarian society; today, there are still numerous Turkish loanwords in the Hungarian language.[4]
Religion
The Turkish people, alongside the Arabs, make up the majority of the Muslim population in Hungary.[6] Several Ottoman-Turkish historical mosques are used by the Muslim community, including the Yakovali Hassan Pasha Mosque in Pécs, and the Malkoch Bey Mosque in Siklos.[7]
The Eger minaret.
Mosque of Pasha Qasim in Pécs (now a church).
Malkoch Bey Mosque in Siklos
Yakovali Hassan Mosque in Pécs
Population
According to the 2001 census, 2,711 inhabitants declared their language under the "Turkish language family", of which, the majority (57.73%) stated that they belonged to the "Ottoman Turkish" ethnicity (1,565).[1] Furthermore, 12 individuals declared to be "Turk" and 91 "Romanian-Turkish" (see Turks of Romania); the rest declared other Turkic ethnicities.[1] In the 2011 census 5,209 inhabitants declared themselves under "Török nyelvek" ("Turkish languages"); however, the publication does not show the distinction between different Turkic groups.[8]
In addition, there is also approximately 2,500 recent Turkish immigrants from Turkey living in Hungary.[9]
Organizations and associations
In 2005 the Turkish community, alongside ethnic Hungarian Muslims, established "The Dialogue Platform".[10] By 2012, a new Turkish cultural association the "Gül Baba Turkish-Hungarian Cultural Association" was established in Szentendre, near Budapest.[10]
Notable people
- Zakaria Erzinçlioğlu, Britain's leading forensic entomologist[11]
- György Ekrem-Kemál, far-right politician (Turkish father and Hungarian mother)[12]
- İbrahim Peçevi, Ottoman historian-chronicler (Turkish father and Bosnian mother); his name means "İbrahim of Pécs"
- Can Togay, actor, film director, and creator of the Shoes on the Danube Bank Holocaust memorial[13]
See also
References
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