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Typhoon Danas (2025)
Pacific typhoon in 2025 From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Typhoon Danas, known in the Philippines as Typhoon Bising, was a strong and erratic tropical cyclone which impacted the Philippines, Taiwan and East China in early July 2025. The fourth named storm and first typhoon of the annual typhoon season, Danas formed due to the rapid consolidation of convective activity associated with a disturbance located about 550 km (340 mi) eastsoutheast of Hong Kong on 4 July. As a result, the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) designated the system as tropical depression 05W, while the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) named it Bising. Later that day, the JTWC upgraded the system to a tropical storm as it began developing a central dense overcast, while the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) later named the system Danas. On 5 July, the JMA later upgraded the storm into a severe tropical storm as it continued to intensify over favourable conditions.
JMA eventually upgraded it into a typhoon just hours before making landfall at peak intensity in Chiayi County, Taiwan on 6 July (TST), becoming the first typhoon to strike Taiwan's central western coast since Typhoon Wayne, the first storm on record to have its landfall in Chiayi County as a typhoon, and the second consecutive season to have a typhoon striking Taiwan's western plains since Typhoon Krathon in 2024.
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Meteorological history
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Tropical depression (≤38 mph, ≤62 km/h)
Tropical storm (39–73 mph, 63–118 km/h)
Category 1 (74–95 mph, 119–153 km/h)
Category 2 (96–110 mph, 154–177 km/h)
Category 3 (111–129 mph, 178–208 km/h)
Category 4 (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h)
Category 5 (≥157 mph, ≥252 km/h)
Unknown
Tropical storm (39–73 mph, 63–118 km/h)
Category 1 (74–95 mph, 119–153 km/h)
Category 2 (96–110 mph, 154–177 km/h)
Category 3 (111–129 mph, 178–208 km/h)
Category 4 (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h)
Category 5 (≥157 mph, ≥252 km/h)
Unknown
Storm type
Extratropical cyclone, remnant low, tropical disturbance, or monsoon depressionThe origins of Typhoon Danas can be traced back to 30 June, when the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC)[nb 1] reported an area of atmospheric convection located 300 km (180 mi) eastsoutheast of Aparri, Philippines, noting that the system was in a favourable environment due to limited upper-level outflow, with an upper-level anticyclone positioned just west of the low-level circulation.[2]
At 04:02 UTC on 3 July, the Hong Kong Observatory (HKO) said an area of low pressure to the north of Luzon would develop into a tropical cyclone "gradually in the next couple of days".[3] At 05:00 UTC, the Meteorological and Geophysical Bureau (SMG) of Macau likewise said that a low pressure area north of Luzon could develop and travel through the South China Sea.[4]
By 12:00 UTC on the day, the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)[nb 2] reported that the system had developed into a low-pressure area, with satellite imagery showing an exposed low-level circulation and persistent convection sheared over its southwest quadrant.[5][6] At 18:00 UTC that day, the JMA reported that the system had formed into a tropical depression.[7] Hours later, the JTWC issued a tropical cyclone formation alert due to a rapidly organising system with deep convection,[8] and subsequently upgraded it to a tropical depression, assigning it the designation 04W.[9]
Early on 4 July, convective activity associated with the disturbance, which had now moved 550 kilometres (340 mi) eastsoutheast of Hong Kong rapidly consolidated. The JTWC later designated the system as tropical depression 05W, with the PAGASA naming it Bising shortly after.[10][11] Later that day, the JTWC upgraded the depression to a tropical storm as it began developing a central dense overcast,[12] with the JMA accordingly naming the system Danas.[13] On 5 July at 18:00 UTC, the JMA upgraded Danas into a severe tropical storm, and on the next day at 12:50 UTC into a typhoon, as it intensified further and tracked northeastwards.
Danas made landfall at peak intensity near Budai, Chiayi County, Taiwan at 23:40 TST (15:40 UTC) on 6 July, making it the first typhoon to make landfall on the central western coast of the island since Typhoon Wayne in 1986.[14] It is also the first storm on record to have its landfall in Chiayi County at the strength of a typhoon.[15]
As it moved back westwards across the Taiwan Strait, Danas made two landfalls along the coast of China's Zhejiang Province on 8 June, the first at Dongtou District, Wenzhou at 21:25 CST and at Rui'an at 23:45 CST;[16] and continued to move westsouthwestwards inland and dissipating the next day. The Hong Kong Observatory reported the strength of Danas to be 40 kilometres per hour (22 kn) at 15:00 UTC on 9 July 2025 and classified it a low pressure area.[17]
On 9 July, an ATCF override confirmed that JTWC upped the peak of Danas to one-minute sustained winds of 100 knots or 115 mph (185 km/h) and a pressure of 950 mb.
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Preparations
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Philippines
Shortly after Danas formed, the PAGASA raised Tropical Cyclone Wind Signal No. 1 over parts of Northern Luzon[18] before lifting it as the system left the Philippine Area of Responsibility (PAR) later in the day.[19] As Danas recurved towards the PAR, the PAGASA raised Signal No. 1 over Batanes on 6 July.[20]
Taiwan
Taiwan's Central Weather Administration (CWA) issued a warning at 14:30 TST on 6 July for winds surpassing 160 km/h (99 mph), as Danas was forecast to make landfall on the island later that day.[21] They also issued rainfall warnings for the entirety of the island of Taiwan and the Pescadores, with the heaviest rain expected in Pingtung (≥500 mm (20 in)) and Taitung counties as well as Kaohsiung (350–499 mm (13.8–19.6 in)).[22] The Agriculture and Food Agency reported that due to consumer expectations of supply disruption and shortages, the retail prices of common vegetables increased by 100%.[23] The Republic of China Army raised its emergency response level and put troops and equipment on standby across areas likely to be affected, with liaison and intelligence officers deployed to local governments.[24] A total of 258 domestic flights, particularly from Mandarin Airlines and Uni Air, and some railway operations were reportedly cancelled in preparation for Danas.[25]
China
In China, the China Meteorological Administration renewed a yellow alert as Danas was forecast to bring strong winds and heavy rain to the southern areas of the country. The typhoon was expected to enter the East China Sea on 7 July and gradually approach coastal areas from northern Fujian to central and southern Zhejiang.[21] At least 193 passenger ferries along Fujian's coast and all 104 water construction projects in the province were suspended.[21]
Elsewhere
The Hong Kong Observatory issued but later cancelled a Standby Signal No.1 warning as the typhoon moved away from the territory and further into the Taiwan Strait;[21][26][27] the same signal was issued and also later cancelled in neighbouring Macau by the territory's SMG.[28][29][30] The Thai Meteorological Department said that Danas could exacerbate monsoon rains in Thailand.[31]
On 9 July at noon local time, the Hong Kong Observatory warned that Danas and its remnants would bring torrential rain, squally thunderstorms and relatively strong southwest monsoon on 10 and 11 July.[32] The amber and the red rainstorm signals were issued successively in the late evening on 9 July.[33][34][35][36] The warning signals were again issued successively in the morning on 10 July.[37][38] Classes were suspended on 10 July afternoon[39] and into 11 July.[40][41]
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Impact
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Philippines
Heavy rains from Danas and the southwest monsoon affected 13,006 people across 14 barangays in the Philippines, destroying one house and damaging 12 others, according to the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (NDRRMC). Twenty-three areas of Central Luzon reported flooding. At least 219 cities and municipalities suspended classes, while 36 suspended work.[42] A child died in Las Piñas after being swept away by floodwaters.[43]
Taiwan
Up to 457 mm (18.0 in) of rainfall was recorded in Mudan, Pingtung County by 03:30 TST on 7 July. The heavy rain caused the Gangkou River and several village dykes in the county to overflow, resulting in widespread landslides and the flooding of roads, agricultural fields, and at least one bridge.[44] Two people were killed in Tainan, while 726 others were injured. A total of 9,391 disaster-related incidents were reported across the city and in neighboring Chiayi County and Chiayi City. Additionally, approximately 880,000 households across Taiwan experienced power outages during the passage of the storm.[45] In the North District of Tainan, strong winds caused structural damage to a building.[46] In response to the typhoon, authorities in Chiayi County, Chiayi City, Tainan, Kaohsiung, Pingtung, and Penghu announced the suspension of all classes and work from 6 July to 7 July.
Additional regions, including Taichung, Changhua, Nantou, and Yunlin, implemented similar suspensions starting from 18:00 TST (10:00 UTC) on 6 July through to 7 July. In northern Taiwan, Hsinchu County, Hsinchu City, Miaoli, and four coastal districts of Taoyuan, mainly Luzhu; Dayuan; Xinwu; and Guanyin, also suspended classes and work on 7 July.[47][48] As of 21 July, the total estimated loss in agricultural production and damage to private facilities amounted to NT$3.28 billion (US$113 million).[49]
Elsewhere
Two people were temporarily trapped on a gondola lift on the façade of Kimpton Hong Kong hotel in the Tsim Sha Tsui area of Kowloon in Hong Kong amidst strong gusts.[50][51][52] Danas brought extreme heat to the territory, with the very hot weather warning and the amber heat stress warning in place for several days.[53][54][55] A similar warning was declared in neighbouring Macau.[56][57] Flooding was recorded in northern New Territories in the late evening on 9 July, with a section of a major expressway closed to traffic as a result.[58] Gusts tore down bamboo scaffolding in Kowloon.[59] A construction worker was killed on the artificial island to the northeast of Chek Lap Kok, while another worker was injured.[60][61][62][63]
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See also
Other similar typhoons:
- Typhoon Thelma (1977) – had a similar track to Danas.
- Typhoon Wayne (1986) – a very long-lived typhoon that, like Danas, made landfall on the western side of Taiwan.
- Typhoon Nepartak (2016) – a much stronger typhoon that brushed Taiwan.
- Typhoon Chanthu (2021) – a rapidly-intensifying Category 5-equivalent typhoon that had a similar trajectory to Danas.
- Typhoon Koinu (2023) – a strong typhoon that also affected South Taiwan.
- Typhoon Krathon (2024) – a strong typhoon that also made landfall in Taiwan's western plains less than a year before Danas.
- Typhoon Gaemi (2024) – a strong typhoon that struck Taiwan approximately one year before Danas.
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Notes
- The Joint Typhoon Warning Center is a joint United States Navy – United States Air Force task force that issues tropical cyclone warnings for the western Pacific Ocean and other regions.[1]
- The Japan Meteorological Agency is the official Regional Specialized Meteorological Centre (RSMC) for the western Pacific Ocean.
References
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