Tyrosol

Tyrosol is an organic compound with the formula HOC₆H₄CH₂CH₂OH. Classified as a phenylethanoid, a derivative of phenethyl alcohol, it is found in a variety of natural sources. The compound is colorless solid. The principal source in the human diet is olive oil.^[1][2]

Tyrosol

Names
Preferred IUPAC name 4-(2-Hydroxyethyl)phenol
Other names p-Hydroxyphenethyl alcohol 2-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)ethanol 4-Hydroxyphenylethanol
Identifiers
CAS Number	501-94-0 Y
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
ChEBI	CHEBI:1879 Y
ChEMBL	ChEMBL53566 Y
ChemSpider	9964 Y
ECHA InfoCard	100.007.210
PubChem CID	10393
UNII	1AK4MU3SNX Y
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID8060111
InChI InChI=1S/C8H10O2/c9-6-5-7-1-3-8(10)4-2-7/h1-4,9-10H,5-6H2 Y Key: YCCILVSKPBXVIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y InChI=1S/C8H10O2/c9-6-5-7-1-3-8(10)4-2-7/h1-4,9-10H,5-6H2 InChI=1S/C8H10O2/c9-6-5-7-1-3-8(10)4-2-7/h1-4,9-10H,5-6H2 Key: YCCILVSKPBXVIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES Oc1ccc(cc1)CCO
Properties
Chemical formula	C8H10O2
Molar mass	138.164 g/mol
Melting point	91 to 92 °C (196 to 198 °F; 364 to 365 K)
Boiling point	158 °C (316 °F; 431 K) at 4 Torr
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Y verify (what is YN ?) Infobox references

Research

As an antioxidant, tyrosol may protect cells against injury due to oxidation in vitro.^[3] Although it is not as potent as other antioxidants present in olive oil (e.g., hydroxytyrosol), its higher concentration and good bioavailability indicate that it may have an important overall effect.^[4]

Tyrosol may also be cardioprotective. Tyrosol-treated animals showed significant increase in the phosphorylation of Akt, eNOS, and FOXO3a.^[5] In addition, tyrosol also induced the expression of the protein SIRT1 in the heart after myocardial infarction (MI) in a rat MI model.^[6]

Tyrosol forms esters with a variety of organic acids.^[7] For example, oleocanthal is the elenolic acid ester of tyrosol.

See also

• Tyrosinol, HOC₆H₄CH₂CH(NH₂)CH₂OH
• Hydroxytyrosol, (HO)₂C₆H₃CH₂CH₂OH
• Salidroside, a glucoside of tyrosol