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Vesicointestinal fistula

Between the bladder and the bowel From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

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A vesicointestinal fistula (or intestinovesical fistula) is a form of fistula between the bladder and the bowel.

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Types

A fistula involving the bladder can have one of many specific names, describing the specific location of its outlet:

  • Bladder and intestine: "vesicoenteric", "enterovesical", or "vesicointestinal"[1][2][3]
  • Bladder and colon: "vesicocolic" or "colovesical"[4]
  • Bladder and rectum: "vesicorectal" or "rectovesical"[5]

Symptoms and signs

If fecal matter passes through the fistula into the bladder, the existence of the fistula may be revealed by pneumaturia, fecaluria, or recurrent urinary tract infection. Migration of urine through the fistula into the bowel may cause rectal passage of urine.[6]

Causes

Many causes exist including:[6]

  • diverticulitis : most common ~ 60%
  • colorectal cancer (CRC) : ~ 20%
  • Crohn's disease : ~ 10%
  • radiotherapy
  • appendicitis
  • trauma

Diagnosis

Various modalities of diagnosis are available:[7]

A definite algorithm of tests is followed for making the diagnosis.

See also

References

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