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Viceroy of Kush
Ancient Egyptian administrative title From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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The former Kingdom of Kerma in Nubia was a province of ancient Egypt from the 16th century BCE to 11th century BCE. During this period, the region was ruled by a viceroy who reported directly to the Egyptian Pharaoh.
Initially the position was titled "King's Son of the Southern Countries" and "King's Son, Overseer of the Southern Foreign Countries" but by the reign of Thutmose IV the title "King's Son of Kush" appears and becomes standard.[1]
The viceroy was responsible for overseeing the area north of the Third Cataract, which was divided into Wawat in the north, centered at Aniba, and Kush in the south, centered at Soleb during the 18th Dynasty and later at Amara West. They were supported in this task by two deputies, a number of scribes, an overseer of cattle, and the priests of local Egyptian built temples.[1][2]
Paintings in the tomb of Amenhotep Huy in the Theban necropolis depict some of the activities of a viceroy including overseeing the collection and tallying of tribute, and the delivery of said tribute by boat to the pharaoh in Thebes.[3][1]
Use of the title King's Son of Kush seems to have lapsed after Piankh, who led an unsuccessful campaign against his rebellious predecessor Pinehesy, and Piankh's successor Herihor. After this point the title is rarely attested, and then outside of Nubia, for example for Neskhons (A), the wife of Pinedjem II who was named 'Superintendent of Southern Foreign Lands and Viceroy Kush' for unclear reasons.[1][4] The title of King's Son of Kush appeared with some frequency in the later 22nd Dynasty and one of its Upper-Egyptian branches (often called the 23rd Dynasty), apparently designating important officials (several of them from within the royal family) stationed at Elephantine on the southern border of Egypt proper rather than effective administrators of the Nubian regions farther south.[5]
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List of viceroys
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Below is a list of viceroys mainly based on a list assembled by George Reisner, supplemented by Frédéric Payraudeau's prosopographical research of Theban officialdom.
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