Virgibacillus

Virgibacillus is a genus of Gram-positive, rod-shaped (bacillus) bacteria and a member of the phylum Bacillota. Virgibacillus species can be obligate aerobes (oxygen reliant), or facultative anaerobes and catalase enzyme positive. Under stressful environmental conditions, the bacteria can produce oval or ellipsoidal endospores in terminal, or sometimes subterminal, swollen sporangia. The genus was recently reclassified from the genus Bacillus in 1998 following an analysis of the species V. pantothenticus.^[2] Subsequently, a number of new species have been discovered or reclassified as Virgibacillus species.^{[3][4][5][6][7][8][9]}

Virgibacillus
Scientific classification
Domain:	Bacteria
Phylum:	Bacillota
Class:	Bacilli
Order:	Bacillales
Family:	Amphibacillaceae
Genus:	Virgibacillus Heyndrickx et al. 1998[1]
Type species
Virgibacillus pantothenticus (Proom & Knight 1950) Heyndrickx et al. 1998
Species
See text
Synonyms
Agaribacter Teramoto & Nishijima 2014 Salibacillus Wainø et al. 1999

Phylogeny

The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN)^[1] and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI).^[10]

16S rRNA based LTP_10_2024[11][12][13]

120 marker proteins based GTDB 09-RS220[14][15][16]

Sinibacillus Pseudogracilibacillus Ornithinibacillus gellani Cerasibacillus Tigheibacillus halophilus (An et al. 2007) Miliotis et al. 2024 Virgibacillus soli Kämpfer et al. 2011 Virgibacillus~2 V. kekensis Chen et al. 2008 V. litoralis Chen et al. 2012 V. salinus Carrasco, Marquez & Ventosa 2009 V. subterraneus Wang, Xue & Ma 2010 V. oceani Yin et al. 2015 V. byunsanensis Yoon et al. 2010 V. flavescens Zhang et al. 2016 V. arcticus Niederberger et al. 2009 V. phasianinus Tak et al. 2018 V. carmonensis Heyrman et al. 2003 V. necropolis Heyrman et al. 2003 Oceanobacillus halotolerans Lentibacillus saliphilus Lentibacillus~ Virgibacillus siamensis Tanasupawat et al. 2011 Lentibacillus sediminis Lentibacillus Virgibacillus halodenitrificans (Denariaz, Payne & Le Gall 1989) Yoon, Oh & Park 2004 Oceanobacillus~1 Oceanobacillus kapialis Namwong et al. 2009 Oceanobacillus picturae (Heyrman et al. 2003) Lee et al. 2006 Virgibacillus V. pantothenticus V. chiguensis V. dokdonensis V. proomii V. salexigens V. massiliensis Khelaifia et al. 2023 V. kapii Daroonpunt et al. 2016 V. kimchii Oh et al. 2021 V. sediminis V. xinjiangensis V. marismortui (Arahal et al. 1999) Heyrman et al. 2003 V. olivae Quesada et al. 2007 V. salarius Hua et al. 2008 Virgibacillus~3 V. halotolerans Seiler & Wenning 2013 V. jeotgali Sundararaman et al. 2017 V. natechei Amziane et al. 2016 V. alimentarius Kim et al. 2011 V. campisalis Lee et al. 2012 Virgibacillus~4 V. indicus Xu et al. 2018 V. profundi Xu et al. 2018 other other

Virgibacillus alimentarius [incl. Virgibacillus campisalis] Lentibacillus_C Virgibacillus_E & F "Virgibacillus ndiopensis" Francis et al. 2019 Virgibacillus oceani Virgibacillus phasianinus Virgibacillus necropolis Oceanobacillus halotolerans Lentibacillus [incl. "Virgibacillus ihumii", Virgibacillus siamensis, "Virgibacillus doumboii", Virgibacillus litoralis, Virgibacillus subterraneus] Ornithinibacillus gellani Cerasibacillus Ornithinibacillus Virgibacillus V. indicus V. profundi V. halotolerans V. natechei Lentibacillus sediminis V. halodenitrificans "Oceanobacillus manasiensis" Oceanobacillus jordanicus V. salarius V. salexigens V. proomii V. pantothenticus V. chiguensis V. dokdonensis other

See also

• List of Bacteria genera
• List of bacterial orders