WNT1-inducible-signaling pathway protein 2

WNT1-inducible-signaling pathway protein 2, or WISP-2 (also named CCN5) is a matricellular protein that in humans is encoded by the WISP2 gene.^[5][6]

CCN5
Identifiers
Aliases	CCN5, CT58, CTGF-L, WNT1 inducible signaling pathway protein 2, WISP2, cellular communication network factor 5
External IDs	OMIM: 603399; MGI: 1328326; HomoloGene: 2882; GeneCards: CCN5; OMA:CCN5 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 20 (human)[1] Band 20q13.12 Start 44,714,844 bp[1] End 44,728,509 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 2 (mouse)[2] Band 2|2 H3 Start 163,662,781 bp[2] End 163,675,066 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in popliteal artery tibial arteries right coronary artery left coronary artery canal of the cervix thoracic aorta ascending aorta right lung Descending thoracic aorta synovial joint Top expressed in stroma of bone marrow calvaria embryo ascending aorta ankle tunica media of zone of aorta aortic valve tibiofemoral joint endothelial cell of lymphatic vessel lip More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function insulin-like growth factor binding integrin binding heparin binding Cellular component extracellular region extracellular space extracellular matrix nucleus Biological process cell-cell signaling regulation of cell growth signal transduction cell adhesion negative regulation of cell death Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 8839 22403 Ensembl ENSG00000064205 ENSMUSG00000027656 UniProt O76076 Q9Z0G4 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_003881 NM_001323369 NM_001323370 NM_016873 RefSeq (protein) NP_001310298 NP_001310299 NP_003872 NP_058569 Location (UCSC) Chr 20: 44.71 – 44.73 Mb Chr 2: 163.66 – 163.68 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
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Function

The CCN family of proteins regulates diverse cellular functions, including cell adhesion, migration, proliferation, differentiation.^[7][8][9]

Structure

WISP-2 is a member of the CCN family (CCN intercellular signaling protein) of secreted, extracellular matrix (ECM)-associated signaling matricellular proteins. The CCN acronym is derived from the first three members of the family identified, namely CYR61 (CCN1), CTGF (connective tissue growth factor, or CCN2), and NOV. These proteins, together with WISP1/CCN4, WISP2 (CCN5, this gene), and WISP3 (CCN6) comprise the six-member CCN family in vertebrates. CCN proteins characteristically contain an N-terminal secretory signal peptide followed by four structurally distinct domains with homologies to insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP), von Willebrand type C repeats (vWC), thrombospondin type 1 repeat (TSR), and a cysteine knot motif within the C-terminal (CT) domain. However, WISP-2 is unique among this family of proteins by lacking precisely the CT domain.

Clinical significance

WISP-2 (CCN5) inhibits the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells,^[10] human uterine myometrial cells, and leiomyoma cells.^[11] Ectopic expression of WISP-2 also inhibits the motility and invasiveness of breast carcinoma cells.^[12][13] WISP-2 also inhibits cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis, an effect that appears linked to the absence of the CT domain.^[14]