Weissella

Weissella^[2] is a genus of gram-positive bacteria placed within the family Lactobacillaceae, formerly considered species of the Leuconostoc paramesenteroides group.^[1] The morphology of Weissella species varies from spherical or lenticular cells to irregular rods.^{[citation needed]} Several strains of Weissella cibaria and Weissella confusa have shown probiotic potential.^[3] In particular, the cell-free culture supernatant of Weissella confusa shows a number of beneficial characteristics, such as antibacterial potential and anti-inflammatory efficiency.^[4] However, several strains of W. confusa are opportunistic bacteria. A number of studies have been done on the safety of the bacterial species, indicating their probiotic potential.^[5][6] The Senate Commission on Food Safety has validated the use of W. confusa in food.^[7]

Weissella
Lesions of Weissella confusa in the mona monkey (hematoxylin and eosin stain): A) liver: portal triads with neutrophilic infiltration (x10); A1, presence of bacterial emboli inside the vein (arrow) (x40). B) acute pneumonia: edema, congestion, and leukocyte cells exudation in the pulmonary alveoli (x10). C) encephalitis: congestion and marginalized neutrophils in nervous vessels (x10)
Scientific classification
Domain:	Bacteria
Kingdom:	Bacillati
Phylum:	Bacillota
Class:	Bacilli
Order:	Lactobacillales
Family:	Lactobacillaceae
Genus:	Weissella Collins et al. 1994[1]
Type species
Weissella viridescens (Niven and Evans 1957) Collins et al. 1994[1]

Species

The genus Weissella comprises the following species:^[8]

• Weissella bombi Praet et al. 2015
• Weissella ceti Vela et al. 2011
• Weissella cibaria Björkroth et al. 2002
• Weissella coleopterorum Hyun et al. 2021
• Weissella confusa corrig. (Holzapfel and Kandler 1969) Collins et al. 1994
• Weissella diestrammenae Oh et al. 2013
• Weissella fangxianensis Xiang et al. 2023
• Weissella halotolerans (Kandler et al. 1983) Collins et al. 1994
• Weissella hellenica Collins et al. 1994
• Weissella kandleri (Holzapfel and van Wyk 1983) Collins et al. 1994
• Weissella koreensis Lee et al. 2002
• Weissella minor (Kandler et al. 1983) Collins et al. 1994
• Weissella muntiaci Lin et al. 2020
• Weissella oryzae Tohno et al. 2013
• Weissella paramesenteroides (Garvie 1967) Collins et al. 1994
• Weissella sagaensis Li et al. 2020
• Weissella soli Magnusson et al. 2002
• Weissella thailandensis Tanasupawat et al. 2000
• Weissella uvarum Nisiotou et al. 2014
• Weissella viridescens (Niven and Evans 1957) Collins et al. 1994

Phylogeny

The currently accepted (2021) taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature^[8] and the phylogeny is based on whole-genome sequences.^[9]

	Weissella Weissella hellenica Weissella thailandensis Weissella paramesenteroides Weissella confusa Weissella cibaria Weissella minor Weissella viridescens Weissella ceti Weissella halotolerans Weissella oryzae Weissella kandleri Weissella koreensis Weissella soli outgroup Oenococcus