Wordian

In the geologic timescale, the Wordian is an age or stage of the Permian. It is the middle of three subdivisions of the Guadalupian Epoch or Series. The Wordian lasted between 266.9 and 264.28 million years ago (Ma). It was preceded by the Roadian and followed by the Capitanian.^[3]

Wordian
266.9 ± 0.4 – 264.28 ± 0.16 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N ↓
Chronology
−300 — – −295 — – −290 — – −285 — – −280 — – −275 — – −270 — – −265 — – −260 — – −255 — – −250 — Paleozoic Mz C Permian Tr P Cisuralian Guadalup Lopin ET Gzhelian Asselian Sakmarian Artinskian Kungurian Roadian Wordian Capitanian Wuchiapingian Changhsingian Induan       ← Permian-Triassic mass extinction event ← end-Capitanian extinction event ← Olson's Extinction Subdivision of the Permian according to the ICS, as of 2023.[1] Vertical axis scale: Millions of years ago
Etymology
Name formality	Formal
Usage information
Celestial body	Earth
Regional usage	Global (ICS)
Time scale(s) used	ICS Time Scale
Definition
Chronological unit	Age
Stratigraphic unit	Stage
Time span formality	Formal
Lower boundary definition	FAD of the Conodont Jinogondolella aserrata
Lower boundary GSSP	Guadalupe Pass, Guadalupe Mountains, Texas, USA 31.8658°N 104.8328°W / 31.8658; -104.8328
Lower GSSP ratified	2001[2]
Upper boundary definition	FAD of the Conodont Jinogondolella postserrata
Upper boundary GSSP	Nipple Hill, Guadalupe Mountains, Texas, USA 31.9091°N 104.7892°W / 31.9091; -104.7892
Upper GSSP ratified	2001[2]

Stratigraphy

The Wordian Stage was introduced into scientific literature by Johan August Udden in 1916 and was named after the Word Formation of the North American Permian Basin. The Wordian was first used as a stratigraphic subdivision of the Guadalupian in 1961,^[4] when both names were still only used regionally in the southern US. The stage was added to the internationally used ISC timescale in 2001.^[5]

The base of the Wordian Stage is defined as the place in the stratigraphic record where fossils of conodont species Jinogondolella aserrata first appear. The global reference profile for this stratigraphic boundary is located at Getaway Ledge in the Guadalupe Mountains of Texas.

The top of the Wordian (the base of the Capitanian Stage) is defined as the place in the stratigraphic record where the conodont species Jinogondolella postserrata first appears.

The Wordian stage was part of the time in which the Zechstein was deposited in Europe.

Biostratigraphy

The Wordian spans the entire conodont biozone of Jinogondolella aserrata. It contains two fusulinid biozones:

• Zone of Afganella tereshkovae
• Zone of Neoschwagerina tenuis

Wordian life

Main page: Category:Wordian life

Olson’s Extinction, a worldwide loss of terrestrial vertebrate life occurred during the Early Guadalupian (Roadian, Wordian).^[6]

Notable formations

• Gnishik Formation (Armenia, Azerbaidjan, Iran)
• Word Formation (Texas, United States)