World Chess Hall of Fame

Chess museum in United States From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

World Chess Hall of Fame

The World Chess Hall of Fame (WCHOF) is a nonprofit collecting institution in the Central West End neighborhood of St. Louis, Missouri, United States. Founded in 1984, it features chess exhibits, engages in educational outreach, and maintains a list of inductees to the U.S. Chess Hall of Fame and World Chess Hall of Fame.

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World Chess Hall of Fame
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Location within St. Louis
Former name
U.S. Chess Hall of Fame
World Chess Hall of Fame and Sidney Samole Museum
Established1984 (1984)
LocationCentral West End, St. Louis Missouri
Coordinates38.644301°N 90.261153°W / 38.644301; -90.261153
TypeHall of Fame
Art museum
Public transit access MetroBus
Websiteworldchesshof.org
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Formerly located in New Windsor, New York; Washington, D.C.; and Miami, Florida, it moved to St. Louis on September 9, 2011.[1] It is run by the United States Chess Trust.

The World Chess Hall of Fame is located across the street from the Saint Louis Chess Club, with which it collaborates on programming, instruction, and outreach.

The museum's permanent collection and temporary exhibitions highlight the great players, historic games, and cultural history of chess. Rotating exhibitions feature items from the permanent collection, including a 500-year-old[citation needed] piece from an Egyptian game called senet, the earliest known board game; a custom-made set of chess furniture that belonged to Bobby Fischer; and the first commercial chess computer. The museum also displays two temporary exhibitions per year.

History

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Logo used from 2011 to 2013

Steven Doyle, president of the United States Chess Federation from 1984 to 1987,[2] founded the World Chess Hall of Fame in 1986 as the U.S. Chess Hall of Fame.

It opened in 1988 in the basement of the Federation's then-headquarters in New Windsor, New York.[1] The museum's small collection included a book of chess openings signed by Bobby Fischer;[3] a silver set awarded to Paul Morphy, American chess player and unofficial World Champion; and cardboard plaques honoring past grandmasters.

In 1992, the U.S. Chess Trust purchased the museum and moved its contents to Washington, D.C., where it featured America's "big four" chess players: Paul Morphy, Bobby Fischer, Frank Marshall, and Samuel Reshevsky.[4] It displayed the World Chess Championship trophy won by the United States team in 1993 as well as numerous chess boards and chess pieces. The museum gave visitors the opportunity to play against a chess computer. By 2001, the collection had grown to include numerous chess sets and boards and plaques commemorating inductees to the U.S. and World halls of fame.[4]

In the late 1990s, Sidney Samole, former owner of Excalibur Electronics, proposed to move the hall of fame to Miami, where it would be located in a rook-shaped building constructed by Excalibur. Although Samole died in 2000, the U.S. Chess Trust accepted the proposal the following year.[1] Reopened in 2001, it was renamed the World Chess Hall of Fame and Sidney Samole Museum.[1][5] The museum continued collecting chess sets, books, tournament memorabilia, advertisements, photographs, furniture, medals, trophies, and journals until it closed in 2009.

Soon afterward, billionaire Rex Sinquefield agreed to pay to move the museum to St. Louis. He also renovated its new building, across the street from the Sinquefield-founded St. Louis Chess Club.[1]

Hall of Fame

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There are 74 members in the U.S. Hall of Fame, including Bobby Fischer, Benjamin Franklin, and Paul Morphy.

There are 53 members in the World Hall of Fame, including José Raúl Capablanca, Anatoly Karpov, Garry Kasparov, and Boris Spassky. The winner of the first Women's World Chess Championship, Vera Menchik, was the first woman to be inducted into the WCHOF in 2011.[6]

U.S. Chess Hall of Fame inductees

The U.S. Chess Federation Recognitions Committee considers candidates for the U.S. Chess Hall of Fame and sends its nominations to the U.S. Chess Trust annually. The trustees of the U.S. Chess Trust vote on who should be inducted. The induction itself takes place at the U.S. Chess Federation Awards Luncheon during the U.S. Open or at the World Chess Hall of Fame itself. The induction is almost always performed by the chairman of the U.S. Chess Trust or the chairman of the Hall of Fame Committee.

2017 members of the committee included John McCrary (chair), Frank Camaratta, John Crumiller, William John Donaldson, John Hilbert, Randy Hough, Alexey Root, Sophia Rohde, Andrew Soltis, Peter Tamburro, and Fred Wilson.[7]

More information Count, Inductee ...
CountInducteeInduction year
1Reuben Fine1986
2Bobby Fischer1986
3Isaac Kashdan1986
4George Koltanowski1986
5Frank Marshall1986
6Paul Morphy1986
7Harry Pillsbury1986
8Sammy Reshevsky1986
9Sam Loyd1987
10Wilhelm Steinitz1987
11Arpad Elo1988
12Hermann Helms1988
13Al Horowitz1989
14Hans Berliner1990
15John W. Collins1991
16Arthur Dake1991
17Arnold Denker1992
18Gisela Gresser1992
19George MacKenzie1992
20Pal Benko1993
21Victor Palciauskas1993
22Arthur Bisguier1994
23Robert Byrne1994
24Larry Evans1994
25Ed Edmondson Jr.1995
26Fred Reinfeld1996
27Kenneth Harkness1997
28Milan Vukcevich1998
29Benjamin Franklin1999
30Edmar Mednis2000
31Lubomir Kavalek2001[8]
32Lev Alburt2003
33Walter Browne2003
34Donald Byrne2003
35Anatoly Lein2004
36Leonid Shamkovich2004
37Yasser Seirawan2006
38Irving Chernev2007
39Jeremy Gaige2007
40Joel Benjamin2008
41Larry Christiansen2008
42Nick de Firmian2008
43John Fedorowicz2009
44Burt Hochberg2009
45Diane Savereide2010
46Jackson Showalter2010
47Herman Steiner2010
48Boris Gulko2011[9]
49Andy Soltis2011[9]
50Alex Yermolinsky2012
51Gregory Kaidanov2013
52Mona May Karff2013
53Abraham Kupchik2014[10]
54Jacqueline Piatigorsky2014[10]
55Alexander Shabalov2015
56Gata Kamsky2016[11]
57Maurice Ashley2016[11]
58Edward Lasker2017[11]
59Bill Goichberg2018
60Alex Onischuk2018
61Max Judd2019
62Susan Polgar2019
63William Lombardy2019
64Rex Sinquefield2020
65Jeanne Sinquefield2020
66James Sherwin2021
67Frank Brady2021
68Daniel Willard Fiske2022
69James Tarjan2022
70John Watson2022
71Yury Shulman2023
72Lisa Lane2023
73William Shinkman2023
74Charles Henry Stanley2024
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World Chess Hall of Fame inductees

The World Chess Hall of Fame inductees are nominated by representatives of the World Chess Federation (FIDE).

Exhibitions

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The World Chess Hall of Fame moved to St. Louis in 2011. Its permanent collection includes historical chess artifacts, as well as art and artifacts on loan from various artists and collectors.

OUT OF THE BOX: Artists Play Chess

Out of the Box was a contemporary art exhibition displayed from September 9, 2011, to February 12, 2012, and was curated by Bradley Bailey, assistant professor of modern and contemporary art history at Saint Louis University. It featured artworks that consider chess both at the formal level and at the level of actual play. The artists featured in this exhibition were Tom Friedman, Barbara Kruger, Liliya Lifanova, Yoko Ono, Gavin Turk, Diana Thater, and Guido van der Werve.[9] On the exhibit's opening night, Dutch contemporary artist Guido van der Werve performed on a chess piano that he built. The piano sounded a note as each chess piece was played, while nine string musicians from the Saint Louis Symphony played van der Werve's score. On closing night, the Contemporary Art Museum St. Louis hosted an event featuring Liliya Lifanova's performance art piece Anatomy is Destiny, one of the pieces in the exhibition.

Chess Masterpieces: Highlights from the Dr. George and Vivan Dean Collection

On view from September 9, 2011, to February 12, 2012, this show celebrated the Deans' 50th year of collecting; it featured works that illustrated the development of the game of chess and the design of fine chess sets from the tenth to the early twentieth century.[9] Sets came from Austria, Cambodia, China, England, France, Germany, India, Italy, Japan, Kashmir, Morocco, Persia, Russia, Syria, and Turkey. Among the works displayed were pieces owned or commissioned by Catherine the Great, Napoleon, Czar Nicolas II, and the British royal family.[citation needed]

Marcel Dzama: The End Game

On view from March 9, 2012, to August 12, 2012, the exhibition showed Marcel Dzama's artistic works, including films, related drawings, paintings, sculptures, and dioramas. Dzama's references and artistic influences include Dada and Marcel Duchamp. His film features characters based on chess. Dressed in geometrically designed costumes of papier-mâché, plaster, and fiberglass and wearing elaborate masks (including a quadruple-faced mask for the King), the figures dance across a checkered board to challenge their opponents in fatal interchanges.[16]

BOBBY FISCHER: Icon Among Icons

On view from March 9, 2012, to October 7, 2012, this show featured photographs by Harry Benson, the only person to have private access to Bobby Fischer during the entire 1972 World Chess Championship match in Reykjavík, Iceland. Benson, who captured intimate images of Fischer, and delivered the news to the grandmaster that he had won the match.[17]

Screwed Moves

On view from September 13, 2012, to February 10, 2013, this chess-inspired, site-specific wall drawing was executed by nine St. Louis artists known as The Screwed Arts Collective.[18]

On view from October 18, 2012, to April 14, 2013, this show explored how chess is represented in contemporary culture: magazine advertisements, rock music and movie posters, and other forms.[19]

Power in Check: Chess and the American Presidency

On view from October 18, 2012, to April 21, 2013, this show explored how chess has influenced American presidents since George Washington.[20]

Bill Smith: Beyond the Humanities

On view from March 7, 2013, to August 25, 2013, this show featured the work of Bill Smith, which explores how rules guide the creation of our world's structure and behavior. Smith used videos and constructions to show the underlying similarities of chess, nature, life, and all things—the ubiquitous patterns and interactions common to music, games, technology, animals, molecules, and the galaxy.[21]

Prized and Played: Highlights from the Jon Crumiller Collection

On view from May 3, 2013, to September 15, 2013, this event showed more than 80 antique chess sets and other artifacts.[22]

A Queen Within: Adorned Archetypes, Fashion and Chess

On view from October 19, 2013, to April 19, 2014, this show curated by Sofia Hedman and Serge Martynov explored the archetypes of a queen in fashion and storytelling.[23]

Jacqueline Piatigorsky: Patron, Player, Pioneer

On view from October 25, 2013, to July 13, 2014, this show featured Jacqueline Piatigorsky, one of the best female chess players of the 1950s and 1960s, and a noted patron of the game.[10]

Cage & Kaino: Pieces and Performances

On view from May 8, 2014, to September 21, 2014, this exhibition curated by Larry List included live performances of the work of 20th-century composer John Cage and contemporary multimedia artist, Glenn Kaino.[10]

Strategy by Design: Games by Michael Graves

On view from May 8, 2014, to September 28, 2014, this exhibition curated by Bradley Bailey focuses on the games designed by the Michael Graves Design Group.[10]

A Memorable Life: A Glimpse into the Complex Mind of Bobby Fischer

On view from July 24, 2014, to June 7, 2015, this exhibition explored the career of Fischer, considered one of the greatest American chess players of all time.[24]

References

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