X Corps (Grande Armée)

For the similarly numbered formation in World War I and World War II, see 10th Army Corps (France).

The X Corps of the Grande Armée was a French military formation active during the Napoleonic Wars. Initially established in 1807 for the War of the Fourth Coalition, under the command of Marshal François Joseph Lefebvre, the X Corps was reconstituted in 1812 during the French invasion of Russia under the command of Marshal Jacques MacDonald. MacDonald’s X Corps was tasked with securing the northern flank by advancing into Courland and besieging Riga. The corps crossed the Neman on June 24, 1812 and moved toward Riga.^[1][2]

X Corps
Active	1807 1812–1813
Country	First French Empire
Branch	French Imperial Army
Size	Corps
Part of	Grande Armée
Engagements	War of the Fourth Coalition Russian campaign War of the Sixth Coalition
Commanders
Notable commanders	François Joseph Lefebvre Jacques MacDonald Jean Rapp

After the French retreat from Russia, the X Corps, was tasked with defending Danzig, under the leadership of General Jean Rapp. The Siege of Danzig lasted from January of 1813 until January 1814, ended with the surrender of French garrison. Notably, the X Corps included a Prussian contingent that eventually became the foundation of the reformed Prussian Army in 1813.^[3] Prussia then fought the broken German countries and Austria. The Prussians defected at Tauroggen in December of 1812 depriving the X Corps of tens of thousands of troops.

Order of battle

Russia, 1812

Corps Commander	Chief of Staff	Chief, Artillery	Chief, Engineers	Aides-de-Camp
Marshal Étienne Macdonald	Adjutant Commander Jacques Terrier	Division General Albert Taviel [fr]	Division General Jacques de Campredon [fr] CdB Jean de Beaulieu [fr]	Squadron Chief Seguier Capt. Garola Capt. Jules J.-G. de Tamney Capt. M. de Beurnonville

7th Division

Commander	Chief of Staff	Chief, Artillery	Adjutant	Chief, Engineers	Inspecteur aux revues	Aide de Camp
Division General Charles Grandjean	Plk. Jozef Nowicki	CdB Farjon	Capt. Louis Chapuis	Capt., 1st Class Roger-P-M-A de Riencourt	Sr. Inspecteur aux revue [fr] Reybaud (Rayband)	CdB Theodore Meynier Capt. Perrin (Perin) Lt. Maisonneuve

1st Brigade	Commander: Général de brigade Étienne Pierre Sylvestre Ricard
	5th Polish Line Regt [pl]	Commander: Plk. Stefan Oskierko [pl]
		1st Battalion	2nd Battalion	3rd Battalion	4th Battalion	Artillery Regt
		CdB Ludwik Kaminski	CdB Jan Godlewski	CdB Feliks Stokowski	Not present	Kapt. Ignacy Kulesza
	13th Bavarian Line Regt	Commander: Oberst Franz Baron Schlossberg
		1st Battalion		2nd Battalion	1st Section, 2nd Bavarian
		Maj. Caspar Poyk (Poeck)		Maj. Franz von Pillement [de]		Untlt.[expand acronym] Alois Escher(t) II
2nd Brigade	Commander: Général de brigade Michal Radziwill Aide-de-camp: Kapitan Antoni Niesiolowski
	10th Polish Line Regt [pl]	Commander: Polkovnik Henryk Kamienski
		1st Battalion	2nd Battalion	3rd Battalion	4th Battalion	Artillery Regt
		CdB Jan Krassin (Crassin, Krassyn)	CdB Franciszek Czyzewski	CdB Nicolas Joseph Daine [nl]	Not present	Kapt. Leneke
3rd Brigade	Commander: Général de brigade Gilbert Bachelu
	11th Polish Line Regt [pl]	Commander: Polkovnik Aleksander Chlebowski [pl]
		1st Battalion	2nd Battalion	3rd Battalion	4th Battalion	Artillery Regt
		CdB Piotr Szembeck [pl]	CdB Kazimierz Poniatowski	CdB Karol Jon(n)emann	Not present	Kapt. Ostrowski
1st Westphalian Line Regt	Commander: Colonel Georg Ferdinand Plesmann [de]
	1st Battalion		2nd Battalion		Artillery Regt
	CdB Johann Philipp Bauer [de]		Capt. David von Kruse (later CdB)		Kapt. von Haustein
Division (Prussian) Cavalry (detached from 27th Division)	Commander: Oberst Karl F. von Hunerbein [de]
	1st Prussian Combined Hussar Regt	Regiment Commander: Major Dietrich C. G. von Cosel
		1st Leib Hussar Regt [de]		2nd Leib Hussar Regt [de]
		3rd Squadron	4th Squadron	2nd Squadron		3rd Squadron
		Rittm. Karl Leopold F. Dallmer	Rittm. Meyer	Maj. von Kurnatowsky		Rittm. Karl L. Zastrow
Division Artillery and Engineers	Commander: ?
	6th Polish Foot Company	1st Polish Horse Company		Polish Garde d'Artie		4th Polish Sapper Company
	Kapt. Turdeski	Kapt. Wladyslaw Ostrowski		Detachment		Kapt. Jozef Dobrzyński
Division Train	Commander: ?
	12th Battalion (in German)			6th Train Company
	?			S.-lieutenant Benoist (?)

27th (Prussian) Infantry Division

Corps	Commander	2nd in Command	Chief of Staff	Quartermaster	Chief Engineer	Adjutants
Prussian Mobile Corps	General d. Inf. Julius von Grawert	GenLt Ludwig Yorck	Obst. Friedrich E. von Roeder	Obstlt. Johann F. K. von Lossau [pl; fr] (Genstab.)	Maj. Markoff	Maj. Anton F. F. von Seydlitz Pr.-Lt. Friedrich von Brandenstein [de] (Genstab.) Maj. Johann Alexander von Traubenfeld (Genstab.) Kapt. Wilhelm von Schack [de] (Genstab.) Pr.-Lt. Lölhöffel von Löwensprung [de] (Genstab.)
Prussian Infantry	GenMjr Friedrich Graf Kleist von Nollendorf	-	Maj. Ernst von Perbandt [de] (Genstab.)	-	-	Maj. Johann F. W. von Schon Maj. Alexander Heinrich von Thile [de] II (Genstab.) Sec.-Lt. von Rudiger Genstab.)
Prussian Cavalry	GenLt Friedrich von Massenbach [de]	-	-	-	-	Maj. Ludwig E. C. von Kyckpusch [de] (Genstab.)

Brigades
1st Brigade
	Commander: Oberst Hans Franz von Below [de] Adjutant: Stabs-Kapit. von Drygalski
	Inftantry Regt Nr. 1 [de]	Commander, 2nd East Prussian Regt [de]: Major Friedrich Wilhelm von Sjöholm [de]
		1st East Prussian Infantry Regt		2nd East Prussian Infantry Regt
		Fusilier Battalion	II Battalion	I Battalion
		Maj. Christoph J. H. von Erammon	Maj. Carl von Kurnatowsky [de]	Maj. Ludwig von Krauthof
	Inftantry Regt Nr. 2 [de]	Commander, 3rd East Prussian Infantry Regt: Major Ludwig F. von Sjoholm II
		3rd East Prussian Infantry Regt		4th East Prussian Infantry Regt
		I Battalion		Fusilier Battalion	I Battalion
		Maj. Karl R. W. von Beckedorff [de]		Maj. Johann F. von Pfeiffer	Maj. Julius von Lübtow [de]
		?
		Fusilier Battalion
		?
		2nd East Prussian Regt
		Fusilier Battalion
		Maj. Friedrich W. von Funck
2nd Brigade
	Commander: Oberstleutnant Heinrich Wilhelm von Horn Adjutant: St.[expand acronym] Kaptitan August Wilhelm Graf von Kanitz
	Infantry Regt Nr. 3	Commander, Colb.[expand acronym] Infantry Regt: Major Karl F. F. von Steinmetz
		Colb.[expand acronym] Infantry Regt		1st Pomeranian Infantry Regt
		I Battalion		Fusilier Battalion	II Battalion
		Maj. Friedrich W. von Quednow		Maj. August Ferdinand von Borcke	Maj. Carl Ludwig Frhr. von Linsingen
	Infantry Regt Nr. 4	Commander: Major Ernst Ludwig von Tippelskirch
		Leib-Grenadier-Regt [de]
		Fusilier Battalion	I Battalion	II Battalion
		Maj. August Heinrich von Reuss	Maj. Konstantin G. L. von Zepelin [de] Maj. Friedrich Christoph von Oertzen [de]	Maj. Julius Gustav Friedrich von Both [de]
3rd Brigade
	Commander: Oberst Eugen von Raumer [de] Adjutant: Major von Collrepp
	Infantry Regt Nr. 5	Commander: Major Ludwig D. K. von Schmalensee [de]
		1st West Prussian Infantry Regt		2nd West Prussian Infantry Regt
		I Battalion		Fusilier Battalion	I Battalion
		Maj. von Imbrecht		Maj. Julius L. von Rudolphi Maj. Georg W. von Lettow	Maj. Friedrich E. von Loebell
	Infantry Regt Nr. 6 [de]	Commander: Major Arwed K. von Carnall
		1st Sch.[expand acronym] Inft. Regt		2nd Sch.[expand acronym] Inft. Regt
		Maj. von Happe		Maj. Karl G. S. von Lessel	Maj. Karl Heinriich von Ziemietzi
		East Prussian Jäger Battalion		1st Battery, Prussian Army
		Maj. Vollmar K. F. von Clausewitz [de]		Uffz. Staffehl (one 3-lbr)[expand acronym]
1st Cavalry Brigade	Commander: Oberst Wilhelm Jeannert [de]
	1st Combined Dragoon Regt	Commander: Major Karl Alexander Wilhelm von Treskow
		1st Lithuanian Dragoon Regt		2nd West Prussian Dragoon Regt
		2nd Squadron	4th Squadron	1st Squadron	2nd Squadron
		Maj. von Kameke	St.[expand acronym] Rittm. Dresler	Maj. von Manstein	Maj. Friedrich Frhr. von Stiern [de]
	2nd West Prussian Dragoon Regt	Commander: Major Ernst T. von Eicke
	2nd West Prussian Combined Dragoon Regt	Commander: Oberstleutnant Alexander G. L. M. M. von Wahlen-Jürgass
	1st West Prussian Dragoon Regt
		1st Squadron		3rd Squadron
		Rittm. Karl Weiss		Rittm. Ernst L. B. von Printz
	3rd Combined Hussar Regt	Commander: Major Ernst T. von Eicke
		1st Schles.[expand acronym] Hussar Regt		2nd Schles.[expand acronym] Hussar Regt
		1st Squadron	3rd Squadron	1st Squadron	2nd Squadron
		St.[expand acronym] Rittm. Friedrich A. Kehler	St.[expand acronym] Rittm. Muller	Maj. Johann H. von Schill

(Prussian) Corps Artillery

Brigades
Commander: Major Johann H. von Schmidt
Foot Artillery	Commander: Major Johann Friedrich Wilhelm von Fiebig [de]
	Foot Battery No. 1 (6-pdr)	Foot Battery No. 2 (6-pdr)	Foot Battery No. 3 (6-pdr)	Foot Battery No. 4 (6-pdr)	Half Battery (12-pdr)
	Pr.-Kapit. Huet	Stabs-Kapit. Wegner	Stabs-Kapit. Ziegler	Pr.-Kapit. Ludwig	Pr.-Kapit. von Roszynski
Horse Artillery	Major Gustav von Fiebig II
	1st Horse Battery	2nd Horse Battery		3rd Horse Battery
	Stabs-Kapit. Johann K. L. von Zincken	Pr.-Kapit. Georg W. von Rentzell		Pr.-Kapit. von Graumann
Artillery Park	?
	Park (Munitions) columns
	No. 1	No. 2	No. 3	No. 4	No. 5
	Sec.-Lt. Schliew	Sec.-Lt. Herrmann	Prem.-Lt. Barenkampff	Pr.-Kapit. Meyer (4th Foot Co., Prussian Brigade)	Sec.-Lt. von Hertig I (8th Foot Co., Brand.[expand acronym] Brig.)
Bridging Column
	Handwerk Columns	Commander, 2nd Foot Battery: Seconde-Lieutenant Lieben
		No. 1		No. 2
		?		?

Corps Train

Miners
	?
	1st Battalion			2nd Battalion
	3rd Company		5th Company	1st Company
	?		?	?
Sappers
	?
	1st Battalion	Sapeurs de I'ile d'Elbe		Prussian Sappers
		1st Company	2nd Company	Marine Bataillion d'ouviers de l'Escaut	17th equipage de flottille
	?	?	?	?	?