Yinwum dialect

Yinwum is an extinct Paman language formerly spoken on the Cape York Peninsula of Queensland, Australia, by the Yinwum people. It is unknown when it became extinct,^[3] but it was no longer spoken by the 1960s. Historically, it underwent some unusual phonological changes that are difficult to classify and understand in phonetic terms.

Yinwum
Native to	Australia
Region	Cape York Peninsula, Queensland
Ethnicity	Yinwum, ?Nyuwathayi
Extinct	by 1960s[1]
Language family	Pama–Nyungan Paman North Cape York Northern Uradhi Yinwum
Dialects	?Njuwadhai
Language codes
ISO 639-3	yxm
Glottolog	yinw1236
AIATSIS[2]	Y29

Phonology

Consonants

Consonants of Yinwum^[4]

	Peripheral		Laminal		Apical
	Bilabial	Velar	Palatal	Dental	Alveolar	Retroflex
Nasal	m	ŋ	ɲ	n̪	n
Prenasalised stop	ⁿp	ⁿk	ⁿc	ⁿt̪	ⁿt   ⁿtʳ
Plosive	p	k	c	t̪	t   tʳ
Fricative	β	ɣ		ð
Vibrant					r
Approximant	w		j		l	ɻ

/ⁿtʳ/ and /tʳ/ are post-trilled consonants (trilled affricates).

Vowels

Vowels of Yinwum^[4]

	Front	Back
High	i	u
Mid	e
Low	a