αἰτιατικός

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From αἰτῐᾱτός (aitĭātós, “caused”) +‎ -ῐκός (-ĭkós, adjective suffix): “relating to an effect”. The Latin calque accūsātīvus (from which comes English accusative) came from an analysis of the word as deriving from αἰτιάομαι (aitiáomai, “to accuse”) +‎ -τῐκός (-tĭkós, verbal adjective suffix), but if that were its derivation, it would have a different meaning: “related to accusing”.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ai̯.ti.aː.ti.kós/ → /ɛ.ti.a.tiˈkos/ → /e.ti.a.tiˈkos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ai̯.ti.aː.ti.kós/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ɛ.ti.a.tiˈkos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ɛ.ti.a.tiˈkos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /e.ti.a.tiˈkos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /e.ti.a.tiˈkos/

Adjective

αἰτῐᾱτῐκός • (aitĭātĭkós) m (feminine αἰτῐᾱτῐκή, neuter αἰτῐᾱτῐκόν); first/second declension

1. causal

Inflection

First and second declension of αἰτῐᾱτῐκός; αἰτῐᾱτῐκή; αἰτῐᾱτῐκόν (Attic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		αἰτῐᾱτῐκός aitĭātĭkós	αἰτῐᾱτῐκή aitĭātĭkḗ	αἰτῐᾱτῐκόν aitĭātĭkón		αἰτῐᾱτῐκώ aitĭātĭkṓ	αἰτῐᾱτῐκᾱ́ aitĭātĭkā́	αἰτῐᾱτῐκώ aitĭātĭkṓ		αἰτῐᾱτῐκοί aitĭātĭkoí	αἰτῐᾱτῐκαί aitĭātĭkaí	αἰτῐᾱτῐκᾰ́ aitĭātĭkắ
Genitive		αἰτῐᾱτῐκοῦ aitĭātĭkoû	αἰτῐᾱτῐκῆς aitĭātĭkês	αἰτῐᾱτῐκοῦ aitĭātĭkoû		αἰτῐᾱτῐκοῖν aitĭātĭkoîn	αἰτῐᾱτῐκαῖν aitĭātĭkaîn	αἰτῐᾱτῐκοῖν aitĭātĭkoîn		αἰτῐᾱτῐκῶν aitĭātĭkôn	αἰτῐᾱτῐκῶν aitĭātĭkôn	αἰτῐᾱτῐκῶν aitĭātĭkôn
Dative		αἰτῐᾱτῐκῷ aitĭātĭkōî	αἰτῐᾱτῐκῇ aitĭātĭkēî	αἰτῐᾱτῐκῷ aitĭātĭkōî		αἰτῐᾱτῐκοῖν aitĭātĭkoîn	αἰτῐᾱτῐκαῖν aitĭātĭkaîn	αἰτῐᾱτῐκοῖν aitĭātĭkoîn		αἰτῐᾱτῐκοῖς aitĭātĭkoîs	αἰτῐᾱτῐκαῖς aitĭātĭkaîs	αἰτῐᾱτῐκοῖς aitĭātĭkoîs
Accusative		αἰτῐᾱτῐκόν aitĭātĭkón	αἰτῐᾱτῐκήν aitĭātĭkḗn	αἰτῐᾱτῐκόν aitĭātĭkón		αἰτῐᾱτῐκώ aitĭātĭkṓ	αἰτῐᾱτῐκᾱ́ aitĭātĭkā́	αἰτῐᾱτῐκώ aitĭātĭkṓ		αἰτῐᾱτῐκούς aitĭātĭkoús	αἰτῐᾱτῐκᾱ́ς aitĭātĭkā́s	αἰτῐᾱτῐκᾰ́ aitĭātĭkắ
Vocative		αἰτῐᾱτῐκέ aitĭātĭké	αἰτῐᾱτῐκή aitĭātĭkḗ	αἰτῐᾱτῐκόν aitĭātĭkón		αἰτῐᾱτῐκώ aitĭātĭkṓ	αἰτῐᾱτῐκᾱ́ aitĭātĭkā́	αἰτῐᾱτῐκώ aitĭātĭkṓ		αἰτῐᾱτῐκοί aitĭātĭkoí	αἰτῐᾱτῐκαί aitĭātĭkaí	αἰτῐᾱτῐκᾰ́ aitĭātĭkắ
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		αἰτῐᾱτῐκῶς aitĭātĭkôs				αἰτῐᾱτῐκώτερος aitĭātĭkṓteros				αἰτῐᾱτῐκώτᾰτος aitĭātĭkṓtătos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• αἰτῐᾱτῐκή (aitĭātĭkḗ, “accusative case”)

References

• “αἰτιατικός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• αἰτιατικός in Bailly, Anatole (1935), Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• αἰτιατικός in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2025)