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ես
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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See also: Appendix:Variations of "es"
Armenian
Etymology 1
From Old Armenian ես (es).
Alternative forms
- յես (yes) — 1922–1940 reformed orthography
Pronunciation
- (Eastern Armenian) IPA(key): /jes/, [jes]
- (Western Armenian) IPA(key): /jes/, [jes]
Audio (Eastern Armenian): (file)
Pronoun
ես • (es)
- (personal) I
- Ես ունեմ մեծ տուն։ ― Es unem mec tun. ― I have a big house.
Declension
See also
Noun
ես • (es)
Declension
Etymology 2
From Old Armenian ես (es).
Alternative forms
- յես (yes) — 1922–1940 reformed orthography, following a vowel
Pronunciation
(following a vowel:)
- (Eastern Armenian) IPA(key): /jes/, [jes]
- (Western Armenian) IPA(key): /jes/, [jes]
(following a consonant:)
- (Eastern Armenian) IPA(key): /es/, [es]
- (Western Armenian) IPA(key): /es/, [es]
Verb
ես • (es)
- second-person singular present of եմ (em)
- Դու հայ ես։ ― Du hay es. ― You are Armenian.
- Դու հայ չես։ ― Du hay čʻes. ― You are not an Armenian.
- Դու գիրքը կարդալու ես։ ― Du girkʻə kardalu es. ― You will read the book.
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Old Armenian
Etymology 1
From Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂.
Pronoun
ես • (es)
- (personal) I
- ես ինքն ― es inkʻn ― myself
- ահաւասիկ ես ― ahawasik es ― here I am, here am I
- ես եմ ― es em ― it is I
Declension
an instrumental ինեաւ (ineaw) is also attested; moreover, an ablative իսանէ (isanē) is attested post-classically
1 these secondary ablative forms may be used in an intensifying role: ես ինձէն աչօք տեսի ― es injēn ačʻōkʻ tesi ― I saw with my own eyes
Descendants
- Armenian: ես (es)
See also
Etymology 2
From Proto-Indo-European *h₁éssi, second-person singular present indicative of *h₁ésti.
Verb
ես • (es)
- second-person singular present active indicative of եմ (em)
References
- Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879), “ես”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
- Awetikʻean, G.; Siwrmēlean, X.; Awgerean, M. (1836–1837), “ես”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
- Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971–1979), “ես”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press
- Martirosyan, Hrach (2010), Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 255
- Thorsø, Rasmus (2023), Prehistoric loanwords in Armenian: Hurro-Urartian, Kartvelian, and the unclassified substrate, PhD dissertation, Leiden University, pages 24-25
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