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بد

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

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See also: پد and ـبد

Arabic

More information Root ...

Etymology

Sense 6 is a semantic loan from Classical Persian بُت (but).

Noun

بُدّ • (budd) m (plural بِدَدَة (bidada) or أَبْدَاد (ʔabdād))

  1. escape, means of avoiding something
    لَا بُدَّ مِن كَذَا
    lā budda min kaḏā
    there is no avoiding such a thing, such a thing is inevitable
  2. flight
  3. separation
  4. part, portion
  5. equivalent, substitute
  7. idol

Declension

More information singular, basic singular triptote ...

References

Verb

بَدَّ • (badda) I (non-past يَبُدُّ (yabuddu), verbal noun بَدّ (badd))

  1. to disperse, distribute, spread

Conjugation

More information verbal noun الْمَصْدَر, active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل ...
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Khalaj

Adjective

بَد (bəd)

  1. Arabic spelling of bəd (“evil”)

North Levantine Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic بِوِدِّ (biwiddi, literally “in the desire of”), also بِوَدِّ (biwaddi).

Verb

بد • (badd-, bidd-)

  1. to want
    بدي شوفك كل يوم يا حبيبي
    baddi šūfak kill yōm yā ḥabībi
    I want to see you every day, my dear.
  2. should; to need to; have to
    شو بدنا نقلو ― šu baddna nʔillo? ― What should we we tell him?
  3. going to
    Synonym: رح (raḥ)
    انتبه بدها توقع ― ntibih badda tūʔaʕ ― Watch out, it's going to fall

Usage notes

  • This is a pseudoverb: it conjugates for its subject by using an enclitic pronoun and does not take attached object pronouns. Objects are instead typically attached to the carrier يا (yā-, yyā-), although some dialects permit the third-person subject pronouns to be used in this position instead:
    • ما بدهن ياني بدهن ياها ― ma baddon yāni baddon yāha ― They don't want me, they want her
    • ما بدهن ياني بدهن هي (regional) ― ma baddon yāni baddon hiyye ― They don't want me, they want her
  • The past is formed by adding كان (kān), which originally would be left unchanged, but is now equally commonly conjugated. Thus: كان بدي شوفك (kān baddi šūfak) or كنت بدي شوفك (kint baddi šūfak), both “I wanted to see you.”
  • In the sense “going to”, suggests more intent than the similar term رح (raḥ, “going to”).
  • The "we" conjugation, most commonly بدنا (baddna, biddna), has the alternative forms بَنّا (banna) and مَنّا (manna).

Descendants

  • → Western Neo-Aramaic: [script needed] (batt-, “to need; will”)

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

From Persian بد (bad).

Adjective

بد • (bed)

  1. bad

Pashto

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /bəd/
  • Audio:(file)

Adjective

بد • (bəd)

  1. bad

Declension

declension of بد
More information masculine, feminine ...

Adverb

بد • (bad)

  1. badly

Persian

Etymology 1

    From Middle Persian [script needed] (SLYA) / [script needed] (wt' /⁠wad⁠/, “bad, evil”), from Proto-Iranian *watah, with further origin uncertain. Akin to Old Armenian վատ (vat), an Iranian borrowing. Unrelated to English bad, despite phonetic and semantic similarity.

    This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.
    Particularly: “Is the proto-Iranian from Proto-Indo-European *weh₂t- (“raging”)? Compare Sanskrit वात (vāta, “injured, hurt”).”

    Pronunciation

     

    More information Readings, Classical reading? ...

    Adjective

    More information Dari, Iranian Persian ...

    بَد • (bad) (comparative بَدتَر, superlative بَدتَرین)

    1. bad; not good
    2. evil
    Antonyms

    Adverb

    بَد • (bad)

    1. poorly, badly
    Derived terms
    Descendants
    • → Azerbaijani: bəd-
    • → Bengali: বদ (bod)
    • → Hindi: बद (bad)
    • → Khalaj: bəd
    • → Punjabi:
      Gurmukhi script: ਬਦ (bad)
      Shahmukhi script: بد (bad)
    • → Sylheti: ꠛꠣꠖ (bad)

    References

    • MacKenzie, D. N. (1971), “wad”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 85
    • Nourai, Ali (2011), An Etymological Dictionary of Persian, English and other Indo-European Languages, page 46

    Etymology 2

    Inherited from Middle Persian 𐭯𐭥𐭭 (pʿn) / PWN (pad, “to, at, in, on”).

    Pronunciation

     

    More information Readings, Classical reading? ...

    Preposition

    بد • (bed or bad) (archaic)

    1. alternative form of به (be, “to; in; for”)
    Usage notes

    Only used in compounds.

    Alternative forms
    Derived terms
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    South Levantine Arabic

    Etymology

    From Arabic بِوِدِّ (biwiddi).

    Pronunciation

    Preposition

    بدّ • (bidd-)

    1. (false verb) to want
      Synonym: حبّ (ḥabb)
      بدّك قهوة؟ ― biddak ʔahwe? ― Do you want some coffee?
      بدي أشوفك كل يوم يا حبيبي.
      biddi ʔašūfak kull yōm ya ḥabībi.
      I want to see you every day, my dear.
    2. (false verb, by extension) to need
      Synonym: احتاج (iḥtāj)
      ابني مريض كتير وبدّه دوا ضروري.
      ibni marīḍ ktīr w biddo dawa ḍurūri.
      My son is very sick and needs medicine.
      (literally, “My son is very sick and wants medicine necessarily.”)
    3. (auxiliary) will, going to
      Synonym: رح (raḥ)
      بدي أمرق لعنده بكرة.
      biddi ʔamroʔ la-ʕindo bukra.
      I'm going to go to his house tomorrow.

    Usage notes

    • Similar to terms like عند (ʕind, “to have”), the term بدّ (bidd) is "conjugated" with enclitic pronouns. Unlike عند (ʕind), however, بدّ (bidd) has no inherent meaning and can never be used entirely by itself.

    Inflection

    More information base form, Personal-pronoun including forms ...
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    Urdu

    Etymology 1

    Borrowed from Classical Persian بد (bad). Unrelated to English bad.

    Adjective

    بد • (bad) (comparative بدتر, superlative بدترین, Hindi spelling बद)

    1. bad
    2. evil
    3. wicked
    4. inauspicious
    Synonyms
    Derived terms

    Etymology 2

    Borrowed from Sanskrit वृन्ध (vṛndha).

    Noun

    بد • (bad) m (Hindi spelling बद)

    1. bubo

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