زیان

See also: ژیان

Ottoman Turkish

Alternative forms

• զիյան (ziyan) — Armeno-Turkish

Etymology

Borrowed from Persian زیان (ziyân, “damage, injury, detriment”).

Noun

زیان • (ziyan)

1. damage, injury, detriment, harm, the condition or measure of something not being intact

   Synonyms: ضرر (zarar), گزند (gezend), مضرت (mazarrat)

   • 1917, Efrat-ı cedideye mahsus topçuluk dersleri‎:

     س – طوپ نه‌در؟
     ج - اوزاقده بولنان دشمنه فضله زیان ویرمك و آنی بر آن اول محاربه‌یی تركه مجبور ایتدیرمك ایچون یاپلمش بر سلاحدر.

     S – Top nedir?
     C – Uzakda bulunan düşmana fazla ziyan vermek ve anı bir an evvel muharebeye Türk'e mecbur ettirmek için yapılmış bir silahdır.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

2. loss, the result of no longer possessing an object, function, or characteristic

   Synonyms: خسارت (hasaret), ضرر (zarar), غائب (gayıb)

Derived terms

• زیان ویرمك (ziyan virmek, “to cause injury”)
• زیان چكمك (ziyan çekmek, “to suffer loss”)
• زیانجی (ziyancı, “damager”)
• زیانسز (ziyansız, “harmless”)
• زیانكار (ziyankâr, “harmful, mischievous”)
• زیانلو (ziyanlı, “noxious, mischievous”)

Descendants

• Turkish: ziyan
• → Armenian: զիյան (ziyan)
• → Bulgarian: зян (zjan)
• → Macedonian: зијан (zijan)
• → Serbo-Croatian: zìjān / зѝја̄н

Further reading

• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007), “ziyan”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 5492
• Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962), “ziyân”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat‎‎ (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 1432
• Kélékian, Diran (1911), “زیان”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎ (in French), Constantinople: Mihran, page 652
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687), “Damnum”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎, Vienna, column 320
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680), “زیان”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎, Vienna, column 2495
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–), “ziyan”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Redhouse, James W. (1890), “زیان”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1021

Persian

Etymology

From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (zydʾn' /⁠zyān⁠/, “loss, harm, damage”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian. Cognate with Parthian 𐫉𐫏𐫀𐫗 (zyʾn /⁠zyān⁠/, “loss, harm, damage, destruction”), Avestan 𐬰𐬌𐬌𐬁𐬥𐬁 (ziiānā, “damage”), Sanskrit ज्यान (jyāna, “oppression”), as well as the Iranian borrowings: Old Armenian զեան (zean), Jewish Babylonian Aramaic [script needed] (zīyanā), Classical Mandaic ࡆࡀࡉࡉࡍࡀ (zāyinā).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /zi.ˈjaːn/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [zi.jɑ́ːn]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [zi.jɑ́ːn]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [zi.jɑ́ːn]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [zi.jɔ́ːn]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [zi.jɒ́ːn]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [zi.jɔ́n]

Readings
Classical reading?	ziyān
Dari reading?	ziyān
Iranian reading?	ziyân
Tajik reading?	ziyon

Noun

زیان • (ziyân)

1. damage, detriment, injury, loss

   Synonym: ضرر (zarar)

   Antonyms: سود (sud), فایده (fâyede)

Descendants

• → Pashto: زيان (zyā́n, ziyā́n)
• → Baluchi: زیان (zyan)
• → Ossetian: зиа́н (zián)
• → Azerbaijani: ziyan
• → Udi: зийан (zijan)
• → Ottoman Turkish: زیان (ziyan), զիյան (ziyan) — Armeno-Turkish
  • Turkish: ziyan
  • → Armenian: զիյան (ziyan)
  • → Bulgarian: зян (zjan)
  • → Macedonian: зијан (zijan)
  • → Serbo-Croatian: zìjān / зѝја̄н
• → Georgian: ზიანი (ziani)
• → Bashkir: зыян (zıyan)
• → Kazakh: зиян (ziän)
• → Turkmen: zyýan
• → Urdu: زیان (zyān)
• → Uzbek: ziyon
• → Russian: изъя́н (izʺján) (via Turkic)
• → Uyghur: زىيان (ziyan)

Further reading

• Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1973), “զեան”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume II, Yerevan: University Press, page 89
• Berneker, Erich (1908–1913), Slavisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume I, Heidelberg: Carl Winter's Universitätsbuchhandlung, page 440
• Horn, Paul (1893), Grundriss der neupersischen Etymologie (in German), Strasbourg: K.J. Trübner, page 150
• Hübschmann, Heinrich (1897), Armenische Grammatik. 1. Theil: Armenische Etymologie (in German), Leipzig: Breitkopf & Härtel, page 150
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992), Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume I, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 602–603

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian زیان (ziyān).

Noun

زِیان • (ziyān) ? (Hindi spelling ज़ियान)

1. loss, damage, harm