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एक

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

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Hindi

More information १ 1 ...

Etymology

    Inherited from Old Hindi एक (eka), from Apabhramsa एक्क (ekka), from Prakrit 𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓 (ĕkka), from Sanskrit एक (éka). Reinforced by Sanskrit एक (eka).

    Pronunciation

    • (Delhi) IPA(key): /eːk/
    • Audio (Delhi):(file)

    Numeral

    एक (ek) (Urdu spelling ایک) (cardinal)

    1. one; 1

    Adjective

    एक (ek) (indeclinable, Urdu spelling ایک)

    1. sole, only
    2. united

    Article

    एक (ek) (indeclinable, Urdu spelling ایک)

    1. indefinite article (used largely to mean "a certain", but can be used more generally to refer to a noun in its first mention in a conversation)

    Derived terms

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    Konkani

    More information एक ...

    Etymology

      Inherited from Apabhramsa एक्क (ekka), from Prakrit 𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓 (ĕkka), from Sanskrit एक (éka).

      Numeral

      एक (ek) (Latin script ek, Kannada script ಎಕ್)

      1. one
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      Maithili

      Etymology

        Inherited from Apabhramsa एक्क (ekka), from Prakrit 𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓 (ĕkka), from Sanskrit एक (éka).

        Pronunciation

        Numeral

        एक (ek)

        1. one

        Marathi

        More information १ 1 ...

        Etymology

          Inherited from Apabhramsa एक्क (ekka), from Prakrit 𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓 (ĕkka), from Sanskrit एक (éka).

          Pronunciation

          Numeral

          एक (ek)

          1. one

          Derived terms

          References

          • Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983), “एक”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies

          Nepali

          More information १ 1 ...

          Etymology

          Inherited from Apabhramsa एक्क (ekka), from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓 (ekka), from Sanskrit एक (éka).

          Pronunciation

          • IPA(key): [ek]
          • Phonetic Devanagari: एक्

          Numeral

          एक (ek)

          1. one
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          Old Hindi

          Alternative forms

          • इक (ika), हेक (heka)

          Etymology

            Inherited from Apabhramsa एक्क (ekka), from Prakrit 𑀏𑀓𑁆𑀓 (ĕkka), from Sanskrit एक (éka).

            Numeral

            एक (eka)

            1. one
              • c. 1500, Kabīr 77.1:
                एक जोति तैं सब उतपंना, कौंण वारंण कौंण सूदा
                eka joti taiṃ saba utapaṃnā, kauṃṇa vāraṃṇa kauṃṇa sūdā
                All have arisen from one light, who is a brāhmaṇa and who is a śūdra?

            Descendants

            • Hindustani: ek
              Hindi: एक
              Urdu: ایک
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            Pali

            Alternative forms

            Numeral

            एक

            1. Devanagari script form of eka (one)
              • c. 500 AD, Kaccāyana, Pālivyākaraṇaṃ [Pali Grammar] (overall work in Pali), page 252; republished as Satish Chandra Acharyya Vidyabhusana, editor, Kaccayana's Pali Grammar (edited in Devanagari character and translated into English), Calcutta, Bengal: Mahabodhi Society, 1901:
                सब्बेसं तिण्णं पठममज्झिमुत्तमपुरिसानं एकाभिधाने परो पुरिसो गहेतब्बो। सो च पठति, ते च पठन्ति, त्वञ्च पठसि तुम्हे च पठथ, अहञ्च पठामि = मयं पठाम; सो पचति, ते च पचन्ति, त्वञ्च पचन्ति, तुम्हे च पठथ, अहञ्च पचआमि = मयं पचाम एवं सेसासु विभत्तीसु परो पुरिसो योजेतब्बो॥
                Sabbesaṃ tiṇṇaṃ paṭhamamajjhimuttamapurisānaṃ ekābhidhāne paro puriso gahetabbo. So ca paṭhati, te ca paṭhanti, tvañca paṭhasi, tumhe ca paṭhatha, ahañca paṭhāmi = mayaṃ paṭhāma; so pacati, te ca pacanti, tvañca pacasi, tumhe ca pacatha, ahañca pacāmi = mayaṃ pacāma. Evaṃ sesāsu vibhattīsu paro puriso yojetabbo.
                With all three, third, second, and first persons, in one expression, the last person is to be taken. He reads, they read, thou readest, you read, and I read = we read; he cooks, they cook, thou cookest, you cook , and I cook = we cook. The last person is to be applied thus for other endings.

            Declension

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            Sanskrit

            More information १ 1 ...

            Alternative scripts

            Etymology

              From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Háykas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háykas, from Proto-Indo-European *(H)óykos (one, single).

              Pronunciation

              Numeral

              एक (éka)

              1. one

              Adjective

              एक (éka) stem

              1. (with and without एव (eva)) alone, solitary, single, happening only once, that one only
              2. the same, one and the same, identical
              3. one of two or many
              4. single of its kind, unique, singular, chief, pre-eminent, excellent
              5. sincere, truthful
              6. little, small
              7. (sometimes used as an indefinite article) a, an
              8. (in the plural) some, certain ones

              Declension

              More information singular, dual ...
              • ¹Vedic
              More information singular, dual ...
              • ¹Vedic
              More information singular, dual ...
              • ¹Vedic

              Noun

              एक (éka) stem, n

              1. unity, a unit (at the end of a compound)

              Declension

              More information singular, dual ...
              • ¹Vedic

              Derived terms

              Descendants

              Due to the indistinctive Middle Indo-Aryan vocable *ea ~ *ia resulting from the natural lenition of एक (eka), it was overwhelmingly replaced by the form *ekka in descendant languages.

              • Dardic:
                • Kalami: [script needed] (ak), [script needed] (akh)
                • Gawar-Bati: یَک (yak)
                • Indus Kohistani: [script needed] (ak)
                • Kalasha: ek
                • Kashmiri:
                • Khowar: اِ (i)
                • Phalura: آکھ (āk), آ (ā)
                • Shina: ایٗک (aík)
                • Savi: [script needed] (yak), [script needed] (ek)
                • Shumashti: [script needed] (yek)
                • Tirahi: [script needed] (īk)
                • Torwali: [script needed] (ē), [script needed] (ēk)
                • Ushojo: اک (ak)
              • Eastern:
                • Ardhamagadhi Prakrit:
              • Southern:
              • Pali: eka
              • Central:
              • Northern:
                • Sindhi: هڪ (hik)
                • Lahnda: [script needed] (hekk), [script needed] (hikk)
                • Kumaoni: एक (ek)
              • Old Javanese: eka
              • Kannada: ಏಕ (ēka)
              • Malay: ايک (eka)
                • Indonesian: eka
              • Malayalam: ഏക (ēka), ഏകം (ēkaṁ)
              • Santali: ᱮᱠᱚ (ekô)
              • Telugu: ఏకము (ēkamu)
              • Thai: เอก (èek)
              • Prasuni: [script needed] (ipin)
              • Waigali: [Term?] (ew)

              References

              • Monier Williams (1899), “एक”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, [], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0227/3.
              • Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992), Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 262-3

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