噬

噬 U+566C, 噬 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-566C ← 噫 [U+566B] CJK Unified Ideographs 噭 → [U+566D]

Translingual

Han character

噬 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+13, 16 strokes, cangjie input 口竹一人 (RHMO), four-corner 6801₈, composition ⿰口筮)

1. bite
2. gnaw
3. snap at

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 210, character 10
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 4382
• Dae Jaweon: page 433, character 1
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 692, character 5
• Unihan data for U+566C

Chinese

trad.		噬
simp. #		噬
alternative forms		簭

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (筮) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
噬	*djads
筮	*djads
簭	*djads
澨	*djads
遾	*djads

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *djads): semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 筮 (OC *djads).

Etymology

Sagart (2021c) revises the Old Chinese reconstruction as *m-tet-s, from volitional prefix *m- + a root *tet-s (“to bite”), from which 瘈 (OC *k(ə)-tet-s, “mad; rabid (dog)”) also derives.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): shì (shi⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄕˋ

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): sai⁶ / sai⁴

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): sai⁴

• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): sṳ

  (Meixian, Guangdong): si⁴

• Eastern Min (BUC): siê
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): se⁵
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): sē / sī

  (Teochew, Peng'im): si⁷

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶zy

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: shì
    • Zhuyin: ㄕˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: shìh
    • Wade–Giles: shih⁴
    • Yale: shr̀
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyh
    • Palladius: ши (ši)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂʐ̩⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: sai⁶ / sai⁴
    • Yale: saih / sàih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: sai⁶ / sai⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: sei⁶ / sei⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɐi̯²²/, /sɐi̯²¹/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: sai⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sai²¹/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sṳ
    • Hakka Romanization System: sii
    • Hagfa Pinyim: si⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /sɨ⁵⁵/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: si⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /sz̩⁵³/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: siê
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /siɛ²⁴²/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: se⁵
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: sā̤
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬe¹¹/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: se⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬe²¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sē
    • Tâi-lô: sē
    • Phofsit Daibuun: se
    • IPA (Xiamen): /se²²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /se⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sī
    • Tâi-lô: sī
    • Phofsit Daibuun: si
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /si²²/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: si⁷
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sī
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /si¹¹/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶zy
    • MiniDict: zy^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³zr
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /zz̩²³/

---

• Middle Chinese: dzyejH

Rime
Character	噬
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	常 (25)
Final (韻)	祭 (35)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	時制切
Baxter	dzyejH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡ʑiᴇiH/
Pan Wuyun	/d͡ʑiɛiH/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡ʑjæiH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/d͡ʑiajH/
Li Rong	/ʑiɛiH/
Wang Li	/ʑĭɛiH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ʑi̯ɛiH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	sai6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[d]e[t]-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*djads/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	噬
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	shì
Middle Chinese	‹ dzyejH ›
Old Chinese	/*[d]e[t]-s/
English	bite (v.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	噬
Reading #	1/1
No.	11657
Phonetic component	筮
Rime group	祭
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	逝
Old Chinese	/*djads/

Definitions

噬

1. to bite; to gnaw

Compounds

• 侵噬
• 內噬 / 内噬
• 反噬 (fǎnshì)
• 含噬
• 吞噬 (tūnshì)
• 吞噬細胞 / 吞噬细胞 (tūnshì xìbāo)
• 咋噬
• 咥噬
• 咬噬
• 哮噬
• 啗噬
• 啖噬
• 噉噬
• 噬人菌
• 噬吞
• 噬嗑 (shìhé)
• 噬指
• 噬指棄薪 / 噬指弃薪
• 噬搏
• 噬攫
• 噬犬
• 噬狗
• 噬胾
• 噬膚 / 噬肤
• 噬臍 / 噬脐
• 噬臍何及 / 噬脐何及
• 噬臍無及 / 噬脐无及
• 噬臍莫及 / 噬脐莫及
• 噬菌體 / 噬菌体 (shìjūntǐ)
• 噬螫
• 噬負 / 噬负
• 噬賢 / 噬贤
• 噬逆
• 噬齊 / 噬齐
• 噬齧 / 噬啮
• 嚙噬 / 啮噬
• 屠噬
• 巨噬細胞 / 巨噬细胞 (jùshìxìbāo)
• 援噬
• 搏噬
• 擇肥而噬 / 择肥而噬
• 攫噬
• 柢噬
• 橫噬 / 横噬
• 毒噬
• 犴噬
• 狂噬
• 狼吞虎噬
• 狼噬
• 狼餐虎噬
• 獸困則噬 / 兽困则噬
• 笑口噬噬
• 肥噬
• 臍噬 / 脐噬
• 虎噬
• 螫噬
• 貓噬鸚鵡 / 猫噬鹦鹉
• 蹠犬噬堯 / 蹠犬噬尧
• 騰噬 / 腾噬
• 鯨吞虎噬 / 鲸吞虎噬
• 鯨吞蛇噬 / 鲸吞蛇噬
• 鷙擊狼噬 / 鸷击狼噬
• 鷹揚虎噬 / 鹰扬虎噬
• 齕噬 / 龁噬
• 齧噬 / 啮噬

References

• “噬”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “噬”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 212.

Japanese

Kanji

噬

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• On (unclassified): ぜい (zei)
• Kun: かむ (kamu)

Korean

Hanja

噬 • (seo) (hangeul 서, revised seo, McCune–Reischauer sŏ)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

噬: Hán Nôm readings: phè

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.