芎

芎 U+828E, 芎 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-828E ← 芍 [U+828D] CJK Unified Ideographs 芏 → [U+828F]

Translingual

Han character

芎 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+3, 9 strokes, cangjie input 廿弓 (TN) or 難廿弓 (XTN), four-corner 4472₇, composition ⿱艹弓)

1. Szechuan lovage

Derived characters

• 𢽔

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1018, character 16
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30678
• Dae Jaweon: page 1476, character 14
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3177, character 1
• Unihan data for U+828E

Chinese

trad.		芎
simp. #		芎

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (弓) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
弓	*kʷɯŋ
穹	*kʰʷɯŋ
焪	*kʰʷɯŋ, *kʰʷɯŋs
芎	*kʰʷɯŋ

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xiōng, qiōng, qióng (xiong¹, qiong¹, qiong²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄩㄥ, ㄑㄩㄥ, ㄑㄩㄥˊ

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): gung¹ / hung¹ / kung⁴

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): guung¹

• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kiûng
• Eastern Min (BUC): gṳ̆ng
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): goeng¹ / gyoeng¹
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kiong

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland, variant in Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xiōng
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄩㄥ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: syong
    • Wade–Giles: hsiung¹
    • Yale: syūng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiong
    • Palladius: сюн (sjun)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ʊŋ⁵⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: qiōng
    • Zhuyin: ㄑㄩㄥ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cyong
    • Wade–Giles: chʻiung¹
    • Yale: chyūng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiong
    • Palladius: цюн (cjun)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi̯ʊŋ⁵⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, variant in Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: qióng
    • Zhuyin: ㄑㄩㄥˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cyóng
    • Wade–Giles: chʻiung²
    • Yale: chyúng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyong
    • Palladius: цюн (cjun)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi̯ʊŋ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: gung¹ / hung¹ / kung⁴
    • Yale: gūng / hūng / kùhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gung¹ / hung¹ / kung⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: gung¹ / hung¹ / kung⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʊŋ⁵⁵/, /hʊŋ⁵⁵/, /kʰʊŋ²¹/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: guung¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɵŋ³³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kiûng
    • Hakka Romanization System: giung^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: giung¹
    • Sinological IPA: /ki̯uŋ²⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: gṳ̆ng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kyŋ⁵⁵/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: goeng¹
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: ge̤ng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kœŋ⁵³³/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: gyoeng¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kyøŋ⁵⁴⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiong
    • Tâi-lô: kiong
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kiofng
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kiɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kiɔŋ³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kiɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kiɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kiɔŋ⁴⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: khjuwng

Rime
Character	芎
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)
Final (韻)	東 (2)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	去宮切
Baxter	khjuwng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰɨuŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰiuŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰiuŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰuwŋ/
Li Rong	/kʰiuŋ/
Wang Li	/kʰĭuŋ/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kʰi̯uŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qiōng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	hung1

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*kʰʷɯŋ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	芎
Reading #	1/1
No.	4082
Phonetic component	弓
Rime group	蒸
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*kʰʷɯŋ/

Definitions

芎

1. chuanxiong

Compounds

• 九芎
• 川芎
• 芎林
• 芎蕉
• 芎藭 / 芎䓖 (xiōngqióng)

References

• “芎”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “芎”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 266.

Japanese

Kanji

芎

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• On (unclassified): きゅう (kyū)、く (ku)

Korean

Hanja

芎 • (gung) (hangeul 궁, revised gung, McCune–Reischauer kung, Yale kwung)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.