adrad

See also: ådrad

English

Adjective

adrad

1. Obsolete spelling of adread.
   • 1922, E[ric] R[ücker] Eddison, The Worm Ouroboros: A Romance, London: Jonathan Cape […], →OCLC, page 18:

     For as I lay sleeping betwixt the strokes of night, a dream of the night stood by my bed and beheld me with a glance so fell that I was all adrad and quaking with fear.

Estonian

Noun

adrad

1. nominative plural of ader

Middle English

Alternative forms

• adred

Etymology

Past participle of adreden, from Old English ondrǣdan.

Adjective

adrad

1. Full of dread or fear; afraid.
   • 1387–1400, Chaucer, The Canterbury Tales, General Prologue, Line 607:

     They were adrad of him as of death.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Descendants

• English: adread

See also

• ydrad (ydred)

References

• “adrad”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.

Old Irish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin adōrātiō, assimilated to the suffix -ad.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈa.ðɾəð/
  • (Blasse) [ˈa.ðɾað]
  • (Griffith) [ˈa.ðɾəð]

Noun

adrad m (genitive adartho)

1. verbal noun of ad·ora
2. worship
   • c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 67^b24

     Inna c{h}enél fo·rrorbris, fos·roammámigestar dïa molad ⁊ dïa adrad.

     The peoples whom he has routed, he has subjugated them to his praise and to his worship.

Inflection

Masculine u-stem

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	adrad	adradL	adarthae
vocative	adrad	adradL	adarthu
accusative	adradN	adradL	adarthu
genitive	adarthoH, adarthaH	adartho, adartha	adarthaeN
dative	adradL	adarthaib	adarthaib

Initial mutations of a following adjective:

• ^H = triggers aspiration
• ^L = triggers lenition
• ^N = triggers nasalization

Descendants

• Irish: adhradh
• Scottish Gaelic: adhradh

Mutation

Mutation of adrad

radical	lenition	nasalization
adrad (pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments)	adrad	n-adrad

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 adrad”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language