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barn

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

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See also: Barn and Bärn

English

English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

From Middle English barn, bern, bærn, from Old English bearn, bern, contracted forms of Old English berern, bereærn (“barn, granary”), compound of bere (“barley”) and ærn, ræn (“dwelling, barn”), from Proto-West Germanic *raʀn, from Proto-Germanic *razną (compare Old Norse rann), from pre-Germanic *h₁rh̥₁-s-nó-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁erh₁- (“to rest”).

More at rest and barley.

For the use as a unit of surface area, see w:Barn (unit) § Etymology.

Noun

English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia
English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

barn (plural barns)

  2. (agriculture) A building, often found on a farm, used for storage or keeping animals such as cattle.
  3. (nuclear physics) A unit of surface area equal to 10−28 square metres.
  4. (informal, basketball, ice hockey) An arena.
    Maple Leaf Gardens was a grand old barn.
  5. (slang) A warm and cozy place, especially a bedroom; a roost.
Derived terms
Translations
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Verb

barn (third-person singular simple present barns, present participle barning, simple past and past participle barned)

  1. (transitive) To lay up in a barn.
    Synonym: (obsolete) imbarn
    • 1594, William Shakespeare, Lucrece (First Quarto), London: […] Richard Field, for Iohn Harrison, […], →OCLC, line 859:
      But like still-pining Tantalus he sits / And useless barns the harvest of his wits
    • 1645, Thomas Fuller, Good Thoughts in Bad Times; Good Thoughts in Worse Times; Mixt Contemplations in Better Times, published 1863, page 165:
      Hypocrites, in like manner, so act holiness that they pass for saints before men, whose censures often barn up the chaff, and burn up the grain.

Etymology 2

From Middle English barn, bern, from Old English bearn (“child, son, offspring, progeny”) and Old Norse barn (“child”). Doublet of bairn. Cognate to Frisian bern ("child/children"), Middle Dutch baren (“child”).

Noun

barn (plural barns)

  2. (dialect, parts of Northern England) A child.
Synonyms
Translations

References

Anagrams

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Breton

Etymology

From Middle Breton barn, from Proto-Brythonic *barnad, from Proto-Celtic *barnati (“proclaim”). Cognate with Cornish barna.

Verb

barn

  1. (transitive) To judge.

Inflection

More information unmutated, soft ...

Conjugation

More information singular, plural ...

Derived terms

  • barnadenn
  • barnadur
  • barnedigezh
  • barner
  • barner a beoc'h
  • dezvarn
  • skiant-varn
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Danish

Etymology

From Old Danish barn, from Old Norse barn, from Proto-Germanic *barną. Compare English bairn.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /barn/, /b̥ɑːˀn/, [pɑ̈ˀn]

Noun

barn n (singular definite barnet, plural indefinite børn)

  1. child (immature human)
    Dette er ikke et passende sted for børn.
    This is not a fitting place for children.
  2. child (human offspring)
    Mine børn er alle flyttet hjemmefra.
    My children have all moved out.

Usage notes

In compounds: barn-, barne-, barns- or børne-.

Declension

More information neuter gender, singular ...

Derived terms

  • adoptivbarn
  • barnagtig
  • barnagtighed
  • barndom
  • barnealder
  • barneansigt
  • barnebarn
  • barnebillet
  • barnecykel
  • barnedåb
  • barnefader
  • barnefar
  • barnefødsel
  • barnefødt
  • barnehoved
  • barnekammer
  • barnemad
  • barnemoder
  • barnemor
  • barnemord
  • barnepige
  • barnepleje
  • barnerov
  • barnerumpe
  • barneseng
  • barneske
  • barneskefuld
  • barnesko
  • barneskole
  • barnesprog
  • barnestjerne
  • barnestol
  • barnesæde
  • barnetro
  • barnevogn
  • barneår
  • barnlig
  • barnlille
  • barnløs
  • barnsben
  • brystbarn
  • bysbarn
  • børn og unge-udvalg
  • børnearbejde
  • børnebegrænsning
  • børnebibliotek
  • børnebidrag
  • børnebillet
  • børnebog
  • børnebogsforfatter
  • børnebogsforfatterinde
  • børnecheck
  • børnecykel
  • børnedødelighed
  • børneernæring
  • børnefamilie
  • børnefjendsk
  • børnefjendtlig
  • børneflok
  • børneforsorg
  • børneforsorgspædagog
  • børnefødselsdag
  • børneglad
  • børnehave
  • børnehaveklasse
  • børnehavepædagog
  • børnehjem
  • børnehjælpsdag
  • børnehospital
  • børnehøjde
  • børneinstitution
  • børnekultur
  • børnelammelse
  • børnelokker
  • børnelæge
  • børnelærdom
  • børnemad
  • børnemisbrug
  • børnemisbruger
  • børnemishandling
  • børneopdragelse
  • børneopsparing
  • børneorm
  • børneparkering
  • børnepasning
  • børnepasser
  • børnepenge
  • børneporno
  • børnepsykiater
  • børnepsykiatri
  • børnepsykiatrisk
  • børnepsykolog
  • børnepsykologi
  • børnepsykologisk
  • børnerig
  • børnerigtig
  • børnesang
  • børnesikker
  • børnesikre
  • børnesikring
  • børneskole
  • børnesprog
  • børnesygdom
  • børnesæde
  • børnesår
  • børneteater
  • børnetegning
  • børnetilskud
  • børnetække
  • børnetøj
  • børneven
  • børnevenlig
  • børneværelse
  • børneværn
  • børneægteskab
  • børneår
  • DAMP-barn
  • delebarn
  • diebarn
  • elleveårsbarn
  • elveårsbarn
  • enebarn
  • feriebarn
  • flaskebarn
  • fællesbarn
  • fødselsdagsbarn
  • førskolebarn
  • gadebarn
  • gammelmandsbarn
  • gudbarn
  • gudebarn
  • hittebarn
  • hjertebarn
  • kælebarn
  • legebarn
  • mongolbarn
  • niårsbarn
  • næstsøskendebarn
  • nøglebarn
  • oldebarn
  • pattebarn
  • pigebarn
  • plejebarn
  • problembarn
  • reagensglasbarn
  • rhesusbarn
  • skilsmissebarn
  • skolebarn
  • skødebarn
  • smertensbarn
  • småbarn
  • spædbarn
  • stedbarn
  • svagbørn
  • svagbørnskoloni
  • svigerbørn
  • svøbelsebarn
  • svøbelsesbarn
  • særbarn
  • søndagsbarn
  • søskendebarn
  • tipoldebarn
  • toårsbarn
  • troldebarn
  • vidunderbarn
  • ægtebarn
  • ønskebarn

References

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Faroese

Etymology

From Old Norse barn, from Proto-Germanic *barną, the passive participle of *beraną; cognate with Latvian bērns (“child”), Lithuanian bérnas (“servant”); from Proto-Indo-European *bʰer-.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈpatn]
  • Rhymes: -atn

Noun

barn n (genitive singular barns, plural børn)

  1. child

Declension

More information n5, singular ...
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French

Pronunciation

  • Audio (France (Vosges)):(file)

Noun

barn m (plural barns)

  1. (physics) barn (unit)

Gothic

Romanization

barn

  1. romanization of 𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽

Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse barn, from Proto-Germanic *barną.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈpartn̥], (colloquial) [ˈpatn̥], (southeastern) [ˈparn]
  • Rhymes: -artn, -atn

Noun

barn n (genitive singular barns, nominative plural börn)

  1. child

Declension

More information singular, plural ...

Derived terms

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Italian

Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from English barn.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈbarn/
  • Rhymes: -arn
  • Hyphenation: bàrn

Noun

barn m (invariable)

  1. (nuclear physics) barn (a unit of surface area)

Further reading

  • barn in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

Middle English

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old English bearn, from Proto-West Germanic *barn, from Proto-Germanic *barną.

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /barn/, /baːrn/, /bɛrn/

Noun

barn (plural barnes or barnen)

  2. A member of one's immediate offspring or progeny.
  3. A child, youth, or baby.
    • c. 1335-1361, William of Palerne (MS. King's College 13), folio 6, recto, lines 198-199; republished as W. W. Skeat, editor, The Romance of William of Palerne‎, London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner & Co., 1867, →OCLC, page 12:
      Hit tidde after on a time · as tellus our bokes / as þis bold barn his beſtes · blybeliche keped […]
      Afterwards, as our books record, it happened one day that / while this brave child was peacefully looking after his animals […]
  4. A person; a member of humanity.
  5. A younger soldier or fighter.
Descendants
  • English: barn, bern (obsolete, dialectal)
  • Geordie English: bairn
  • Scots: bairn
  • Yola: barrn
References

Etymology 2

Noun

barn

  2. alternative form of bern (“barn”)

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Old Norse barn (“child”), from Proto-Germanic *barną (“child”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- (“to bear, carry”).

Pronunciation

Noun

barn n (definite singular barnet, indefinite plural barn, definite plural barna or barnene)

  1. child

Derived terms

References

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Norwegian Nynorsk

Norwegian Nynorsk Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia nn

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Old Norse barn, from Proto-Germanic *barną (“child”), ultimately from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰer- (“to bear, carry”). The plural form born is from the Old Norse u-umlauted form bǫrn. This umlaut can also be seen in Icelandic börn and Danish and Faroese børn.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /baːrn/, /baːn/, /baːɳ/
  • (palatal N) IPA(key): /baːɲ/

Noun

barn n (definite singular barnet, indefinite plural barn or born, definite plural barna or borna)

  1. child

Inflection

More information singular, plural ...
  • Forms in italics are currently considered non-standard.
  • Forms in [brackets] were official, but considered second-tier.
  • Forms in (parentheses) were allowed under Midlandsnormalen.
  • 1Nouns were capitalised for most of the 19th century.

Derived terms

  • bera (“to bear, carry”, verb)

References

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Old Danish

Etymology

From Old Norse barn, from Proto-Germanic *barną.

Noun

barn n (genitive barns, plural børn)

  1. child

Descendants

Old English

Verb

barn

  1. first/third-person singular preterite of beirnan

Old High German

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *barn, from Proto-Germanic *barną, whence also Old Saxon barn, Old English bearn, Old Norse barn.

Noun

barn n

  1. child

Declension

More information case, singular ...

Old Norse

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *barną, the passive participle of *beraną; cognate with Latvian bērns (“child”), Lithuanian bérnas (“servant”); from Proto-Indo-European *bʰer-.

Noun

barn n (genitive barns, plural bǫrn)

  1. child

Declension

More information neuter, singular ...

Descendants

Further reading

  • Zoëga, Geir T. (1910), “barn”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press; also available at the Internet Archive

Old Saxon

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *barn, from Proto-Germanic *barną, whence also Old English bearn, Old High German barn, Old Norse barn.

Noun

barn n

  1. child

Declension

More information singular, plural ...

Old Swedish

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Old Norse barn, from Proto-Germanic *barną.

Noun

barn n

  1. child

Declension

Declension of barn (strong a-stem)
More information singular, plural ...

Descendants

Polish

Polish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia pl

Etymology

Borrowed from English barn.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈbarn/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -arn
  • Syllabification: barn

Noun

barn m inan

  1. (nuclear physics) barn (unit of surface area equal to 10−28 square metres)

Declension

Declension of barn
More information singular, plural ...

Further reading

  • barn in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Spanish

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈbaɾn/ [ˈbaɾn]
  • Rhymes: -aɾn
  • Syllabification: barn

Noun

barn m (plural barns)

  1. (physics) barn

Further reading

Swedish

Swedish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia sv

Etymology

From Old Swedish barn (“child”), from Old Norse barn (“child”), from Proto-Germanic *barną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰer-.

Cognate with Danish barn, Icelandic barn, Old Saxon barn, Old High German barn, Latvian bērns (“child”), Lithuanian bérnas (“worker”) and bernẽlis (“lad”), a kind of participle to bära (“to bear, to carry, as in childbirth”).

Pronunciation

Noun

barn n

  1. a child (person who has not reached adulthood)
    Hyponyms: pojke, flicka
    Både barn och vuxna är välkomna.
    Both children and adults are welcome.
  2. a child (son or daughter)
    Hyponyms: son, dotter
    Hon pussade sina barn godnatt.
    She kissed her children good night.
    hans vuxna barn
    his adult children
  3. (figuratively) a child (figurative offspring)
    Han är ett barn av sin tid.
    He is a child of his times.
    • 2010, Lars Cavallin, transl., Katolska kyrkans katekes‎, Catholica, archived from the original on 20 January 2025, §1213:
      Genom dopet befrias vi från synden och föds på nytt som Guds barn.
      Through baptism, we are freed from sin and reborn as children of God.
    • 2021 January 2, TT Nyhetsbyrån, “Fem namn du kommer att höra om 2021”, in Borås Tidning‎, archived from the original on 26 May 2025:
      – Mina låtar är som mina barn.
      "My songs are like my children."
  4. (uncountable) barn (a unit of area in nuclear physics)

Declension

More information nominative, genitive ...
More information nominative, genitive ...

Synonyms

Derived terms

References

Welsh

Etymology

From Middle Welsh barnu, from Proto-Brythonic *barnad, from Proto-Celtic *barnati, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷerH-.

Pronunciation

Noun

barn f (plural barnau)

  1. opinion, view
  2. judgement, sentence

Derived terms

  • anwadalfarn (“changeable of mind”)
  • barnu (“to adjudge; to pass sentence”)
  • Dydd y Farn (“Judgement Day”)
  • rhagfarn (“prejudice”)

Mutation

More information radical, soft ...

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

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