calculator

English

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calculator

Wikipedia

Etymology

In the sense of a person, from Middle English calkelatour (“mathematician, astrologer”), borrowed from Latin calculātor, equivalent to calculate +‎ -or. The other meanings arose in Modern English.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkæl.kjə.leɪ.tə(ɹ)/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /kæl.kjə.leɪ.tɚ/, [ˈkʰæɫ.kjəˌleɪ̯.ɾɚ]

• Audio (US):

  (file)

Noun

calculator (plural calculators)

1. A mechanical or electronic device that performs mathematical calculations; sometimes, an electronic one specifically.

   Hypernyms: device, machine

   Hyponym: adding machine (coordinate to the narrower sense)

   Coordinate term: abacus

   electronic calculator;   pocket calculator

   The calculator on a bookkeeper's desk in the 1950s was an adding machine with mechanical guts.

   I told him to hand me a calculator and he jokingly placed an adding machine at my side.

2. (dated) A person who performs mathematical calculation.

   Synonyms: computer (archaic), reckoner (archaic)

   During the war, his grandmother had worked at the Bletchley Park decoding station as a calculator.

   • 2020, Paul Krugman, Arguing with Zombies: Economics, Politics, and the Fight for a Better Future, page 145:

     First, many real-world investors bear little resemblance to the cool calculators of efficient-market theory: they're all too subject to herd behavior, to bouts of irrational exuberance and unwarranted panic.

3. A person who calculates (in the sense of scheming).

   Near-synonyms: schemer, plotter; manipulator

   He revealed himself to be a cold-blooded calculator out to sabotage his colleagues.

   • 1838, [Edward Bulwer-Lytton], chapter X, in Alice or The Mysteries […], volume I, London: Saunders and Otley, […], →OCLC, book I, page 92:

     Talk not thus, I implore you, Evelyn: do not imagine me the worldly calculator that my enemies deem me.

   • 1858, John Cumming, Thy Word is Truth: an apology for Christianity, page 112:

     You have in the merchant the shrewd calculator of probable contingencies; we shall see that we have in the prophet the absolute proclaimer of necessary and inevitable facts.

4. (obsolete) A set of mathematical tables.

   Synonym: ready reckoner

Derived terms

• calculatorlike
• electronic calculator
• graphing calculator
• human calculator
• mental calculator
• minicalculator
• pocket calculator
• scientific calculator

Related terms

• calculate

Translations

electronic device that performs mathematical calculations

Afrikaans: sakrekenaar Albanian: njehsues m, makinë llogaritëse f Amharic: ካልኩሌተር (kalkuletär) Arabic: حَاسِبَة f (ḥāsiba), آلَة حَاسِبَة f (ʔāla ḥāsiba), مِحْسَاب m (miḥsāb) Armenian: հաշվիչ (hy) (hašvičʻ) Assamese: কেলকুলেটৰ (kelkuletor) Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܚܲܫܘܼܒ݂ܘܿܢܵܐ m (ḥašūḇōnā) Asturian: calculadora f Azerbaijani: kalkulyator Basque: kalkulagailu (eu) Belarusian: калькуля́тар m (kalʹkuljátar) Bengali: ক্যালকুলেটর (bn) (kêlkuleṭor) Bulgarian: калкула́тор m (kalkulátor) Burmese: ဂဏန်းတွက်စက် (my) (ga.nan:twakcak) Catalan: calculadora (ca) f Cheyenne: hoéstónéó'o Chinese: Cantonese: 計數機 / 计数机 (gai3 sou3 gei1) Mandarin: 計算器 / 计算器 (zh) (jìsuànqì), 電子計算器 / 电子计算器 (diànzǐ jìsuànqì), 電子計算機 / 电子计算机 (zh) (diànzǐ jìsuànjī) (Taiwan, HK) Czech: kalkulačka (cs) f, kalkulátor (cs) m, počítačka f Danish: lommeregner (da), regnemaskine c Dutch: rekenmachine (nl) f, zakrekenmachine (nl) f, rekentoestel n (Flemish), calculator (nl) m Erzya: ловомапель (lovomapeľ) Esperanto: kalkulilo Estonian: kalkulaator, taskuarvuti Faroese: telduhvølpur m, roknimaskina f Finnish: laskin (fi) French: calculatrice (fr) f, calculette (fr) f Fula: Adlam: 𞤳𞤭𞥅𞤥𞤭𞤪𞤺𞤢𞤤, 𞤼𞤮𞤲𞤺𞤭𞤪𞤣𞤫 Roman: kiimirgal, tongirde Galician: calculadora f Georgian: კალკულატორი (ḳalḳulaṭori) German: Rechner (de) m, Taschenrechner (de) m Greek: αριθμομηχανή (el) f (arithmomichaní), (colloquial) κομπιουτεράκι (el) n (kompiouteráki) Guaraní: tembijepapa Gujarati: કેલ્ક્યુલેટર (kelkyuleṭar) Hawaiian: mīkini helu Hebrew: מַחְשְׁבוֹן (he) m (makhshevón) Hindi: परिकलक (pariklak), कैलकुलेटर m (kailkuleṭar), परिकलित्र m (pariklitra) Hungarian: számológép (hu) Icelandic: reiknivél f Ido: kalkulatoro Indonesian: kalkulator (id), mesin hitung (id) Irish: áireamhán m Italian: calcolatrice (it) f Japanese: 電卓 (ja) (でんたく, dentaku), 計算機 (ja) (けいさんき, keisanki) Kannada: ಲೆಕ್ಕರಣೆ (kn) (lekkaraṇe) Kazakh: калькулятор (kalkulätor) Khmer: គណិតចរ (kĕəʼnetaʼ cɑɑ), ម៉ាស៊ីនគិតលេខ (maasɨn kɨt leek) Korean: 계산기(計算機) (ko) (gyesan'gi) Kurdish: Northern Kurdish: pêjimêrk, makîneya hesabê (ku) Kyrgyz: калькулятор (ky) (kalkulyator) Lao: ຈັກຄິດໄລ່ (chak khit lai), ເຄື່ອງຄິດເລກ (khư̄ang khit lēk) Latin: machinula calculatoria f (New Latin) Latvian: kalkulators m Lithuanian: kalkuliatorius (lt) m, skaičiuotuvas (lt) m Low German: Dutch Low Saxon: telmesiene, rekkenmesiene Macedonian: сметач m (smetač), дигитро́н m (digitrón), калкула́тор m (kalkulátor) Malagasy: mpikajy Malay: mesin kira, kalkulator Malayalam: കാൽക്കുലേറ്റർ (kālkkulēṟṟaṟ) Maltese: kalkulatur m, maqjes m Manx: co-earrooder m Marathi: गणनयंत्र (gaṇanyantra), कॅल्क्युलेटर (kĕlkyuleṭar) Mongolian: Cyrillic: тооны машин (toony mašin) Norman: caltchuleux m Norwegian: Bokmål: kalkulator (no) m Nynorsk: kalkulator (no) m Odia: କାଲକୁଲେଟର (kālakuleṭara) Pali: saṅkhyāna n Pashto: شمېرماشين m (šmermāšin) Persian: Iranian Persian: ماشینِ حِساب (mâšin-e hesâb), حِسابْگَر (hesâbgar) Pohnpeian: kalkuleder, misihn en kapat Polish: kalkulator (pl) m Portuguese: calculadora (pt) f Romanian: calculator (ro), computer (ro) n Romansch: calculader m, calculatur m, calculatour m, quintader m, chintader m Russian: калькуля́тор (ru) m (kalʹkuljátor) Sanskrit: गणकयन्त्रम् (gaṇakayantram) Scottish Gaelic: àireamhair m Serbo-Croatian: Cyrillic: рачу̀на̄р m (Bosnian, Serbian), рачу̀нало n (Croatian) Roman: račùnār (sh) m (Bosnian, Serbian), račùnalo (sh) n (Croatian) Slovak: kalkulačka f Slovene: kalkulator m, računalo Spanish: calculador (es) m or f, calculadora (es) f Swahili: kikokotozi Swedish: räknare (sv) c, miniräknare (sv) c, kalkylator (sv) c Tagalog: pantaya, kalkulador Tajik: мошини ҳисоб (mošin-i hisob), ҳисобгар (hisobgar), ҳисобкунак (hisobkunak) Tamil: கணிப்பான் (ta) (kaṇippāṉ) Telugu: గణికుడు (te) (gaṇikuḍu) Thai: เครื่องคิดเลข (th) (krʉ̂ʉang-kít-lêek) Tigrinya: መተሓሳሰቢ (mätäḥasasäbi) Turkish: hesap makinesi (tr) Turkmen: kalkulýator Udmurt: лыдъянтык (lydjantyk) Ukrainian: калькуля́тор m (kalʹkuljátor) Urdu: کَیلْکُولیٹَر m (kailkūleṭar), حِسابْگَر m (hisābgar) Uyghur: ھېسابلىغۇچ (hësablighuch) Uzbek: kalkulyator (uz) Vietnamese: máy tính cầm tay Welsh: cyfrifiannell (cy) f West Frisian: rekkenmasine, bûsrekkenmasine Yiddish: קאַלקולאַטאָר m (kalkulator)

mechanical device that performs mathematical calculations

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܚܲܫܘܼܒ݂ܘܿܢܵܐ m (ḥašūḇōnā) Bulgarian: смета́чна маши́на f (smetáčna mašína) Catalan: calculadora (ca) f Chinese: Mandarin: 計算器 / 计算器 (zh) (jìsuànqì), 計算機 / 计算机 (zh) (jìsuànjī) Dutch: rekenmachine (nl) f, calculator (nl) m Finnish: laskin (fi), laskukone (fi) Galician: calculadora f Greek: αριθμομηχανή (el) f (arithmomichaní) Guaraní: tembijepapa, tembijepapa Hebrew: מונה m (mone) Hungarian: számológép (hu) Ido: kalkulilo (io) Indonesian: kalkulator (id) Italian: calcolatrice (it) Macedonian: сметач m (smetač) Pohnpeian: kalkuleder, misihn en kapat Polish: kalkulator (pl) m Portuguese: calculadora (pt) f Romanian: calculator (ro), mașină de calculat Russian: вычисли́тельная маши́на f (vyčislítelʹnaja mašína), счётная маши́на f (sčótnaja mašína), арифмо́метр (ru) m (arifmómetr) Vietnamese: máy tính cơ khí, máy tính tương tự, dụng cụ tính toán

dated: a person who performs mathematical calculations

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܡܲܚܫܒ݂ܵܢܵܐ m (maḥšḇānā), ܡܲܚܫܒ݂ܵܢܝܼܬܵܐ f (maḥšḇānītā), ܚܲܫܒܢܵܢܵܐ m (ḥašbnānā) Bulgarian: изчисли́тел m (izčislítel) Chinese: Mandarin: 計算者 / 计算者 (jìsuànzhě) Dutch: berekenaar (nl) m Finnish: laskija (fi) Galician: calculador m Hebrew: חשבונאי m (kheshbona'y), חשבונאית f (kheshbona'yt) Hindi: परिकलक m (pariklak) Indonesian: penghitung Italian: calcolatore (it) m, calcolatrice (it) f Japanese: 計算者 (けいさんしゃ, keisansha) Khmer: អ្នកគិតលេខ (nĕək kɨt leek) Macedonian: сметач m (smetač) Manx: co-earrooder m Portuguese: calculador m, calculista (pt) Romanian: calculator (ro) m, calculatoare (ro) f Russian: счётчик (ru) m (sčótčik), расчётчик (ru) m (rasčótčik) Sanskrit: गुणक (sa) m (guṇaka) Ukrainian: лічба́р m (ličbár) Vietnamese: người tính

person who calculates (in the sense of scheming)

Bulgarian: интригант (bg) m (intrigant), шмекер (bg) m (šmeker) Chinese: Mandarin: 計算者 / 计算者 (jìsuànzhě) Dutch: planner (nl) m Finnish: laskelmoija German: Rechner (de) m Portuguese: calculista (pt) m Vietnamese: người láu cá

set of mathematical tables

Bulgarian: please add this translation if you can Chinese: Mandarin: 計算表 / 计算表 (zh) (jìsuànbiǎo) Finnish: laskuri (fi) French: tables f pl Hebrew: טבלת חישובים f (t'avlat khishuvym) Italian: tabelle (it) f pl Japanese: 計算表 (けいさんひょう, keisannhyō) Romanian: tabele f pl Russian: табли́цы расчётов f pl (tablícy rasčótov), табли́ца (ru) f (tablíca) Vietnamese: máy tính dạng bảng

See also

• ready reckoner
• slide rule
• tables
• Category:calculators on Wikimedia Commons.Wikimedia Commons

References

• James A. H. Murray et al., editors (1884–1928), “Calculator”, in A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles (Oxford English Dictionary), volume II (C), London: Clarendon Press, →OCLC, pages 27–28, column 3.

Cebuano

Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from English calculator.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kalkjuˈleitoɾ/ [kɐl̪.kjʊˈl̪iɪ.t̪oɾ̪]

Noun

calculator (Badlit spelling ᜃᜎ᜔ᜃ᜔ᜌᜓᜎᜒᜌ᜔ᜆᜓᜇ᜔)

1. calculator (device)

   Synonyms: calcu, kalkulador

Latin

Etymology

From calculō (“to calculate”) +‎ -tor.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [kaɫ.kʊˈɫaː.tɔr]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [kal.kuˈlaː.t̪or]

Noun

calculātor m (genitive calculātōris, feminine calculātrīx); third declension

1. calculator, bookkeeper, accountant
2. computer, one versed in/teacher of arithmetic

Declension

Third-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	calculātor	calculātōrēs
genitive	calculātōris	calculātōrum
dative	calculātōrī	calculātōribus
accusative	calculātōrem	calculātōrēs
ablative	calculātōre	calculātōribus
vocative	calculātor	calculātōrēs

Synonyms

• calculātrīx

Verb

calculātor

1. second-person singular future passive imperative of calculō
   1. "thou shalt be calculated, thou shalt be computed"
   2. (figuratively) "thou shalt be considered as, thou shalt be esteemed"
2. third-person singular future passive imperative of calculō
   1. "it shall be calculated, it shall be computed"
   2. (figuratively) "she shall be considered as, she shall be esteemed"

Descendants

• → Ancient Greek: καλκουλάτωρ (kalkoulátōr)

References

• “calculator”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• "calculator", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “calculator”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• “calculator”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “calculator”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French calculateur; compare also English and Latin calculator. Equivalent to calcula +‎ -tor.

Noun

calculator n (plural calculatoare)

1. calculator (device)
2. computer

   Synonyms: computer, ordinator

Declension

Declension of calculator

	singular			plural
	indefinite	definite		indefinite	definite
nominative-accusative	calculator	calculatorul		calculatoare	calculatoarele
genitive-dative	calculator	calculatorului		calculatoare	calculatoarelor
vocative	calculatorule			calculatoarelor