circuitus

Latin

Alternative forms

• circumitus (both senses)

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [kɪrˈkuː.ɪ.tʊs], [kɪrˈku.ɪ.tʊs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [t͡ʃirˈkuː.i.tus]
• Note: The second syllable may be long due to compensatory lengthening from losing the nasal of circum, yet it may also be shortened due to the Latin rule of having only the last vowel in a row be allowed to be long.

Etymology 1

Perfect passive participle of circueō.

Participle

circuitus (feminine circuita, neuter circuitum); first/second-declension participle

1. circulated

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

	singular				plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	circuitus	circuita	circuitum		circuitī	circuitae	circuita
genitive	circuitī	circuitae	circuitī		circuitōrum	circuitārum	circuitōrum
dative	circuitō	circuitae	circuitō		circuitīs
accusative	circuitum	circuitam	circuitum		circuitōs	circuitās	circuita
ablative	circuitō	circuitā	circuitō		circuitīs
vocative	circuite	circuita	circuitum		circuitī	circuitae	circuita

References

• “circuitus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “circuitus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

Etymology 2

From circueō, alternative form of circumeō (“go around”) +‎ -tus (action noun suffix).

Noun

circuitus m (genitive circuitūs); fourth declension

1. patrol
2. circuit
3. revolution (going around)
4. cycle, period
5. circumlocution

Declension

Fourth-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	circuitus	circuitūs
genitive	circuitūs	circuituum
dative	circuituī	circuitibus
accusative	circuitum	circuitūs
ablative	circuitū	circuitibus
vocative	circuitus	circuitūs

Descendants

• Inherited:
  • Old Italian: circovito, cercovito (“surrounding wall”) (possibly a phonetically-adapted borrowing)
• Borrowed:
  • → Catalan: circuit
  • → French: circuit
  • → Friulian: circuit
  • → Galician: circuito
  • → Italian: circuito
  • → Piedmontese: sircuit
  • → Portuguese: circuito
  • → Spanish: circuito

References

• “circuitus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “circuitus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "circuitus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “circuitus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • the period: ambitus, circuitus, comprehensio, continuatio (verborum, orationis), also simply periodus