congius

English

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congius

Wikipedia

Etymology

From Latin congius, from Ancient Greek κογχίον (konkhíon), from κόγχη (kónkhē) and κόγχος (kónkhos, “mussel shell”) + -ίον (-íon, “-y: forming diminutives”).

Noun

congius (plural congiuses or congii)

1. (historical) A Roman unit of liquid measure reckoned as the volume of 10 Roman pounds of wine and equivalent to about 3.3 L although differing slightly over time.
2. (historical) A Roman unit of mass instituted by Vespasian equivalent to about 3.3 kg, the weight of a congius of water.

Synonyms

• Roman gallon, gallon (Roman contexts); congy, conge (obsolete)

Coordinate terms

• (unit of liquid volume): lingula (1/288 congius), cyathus (1/72 congius), acetabulum (1/48 congius), quartarius (1/24 congius), hemina (1/12 congius), sextarius (⅙ congius), urna (4 congii), amphora (8 congii), culeus (160 congii)

Related terms

• congiaria
• congiary

Anagrams

• soucing

Latin

Etymology

From Ancient Greek κογχίον (konkhíon), from κόγχη (kónkhē) and κόγχος (kónkhos, “mussel shell”) + -ίον (-íon, “-y: forming diminutives”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈkɔŋ.ɡi.ʊs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈkɔn̠ʲ.d͡ʒi.us]

Noun

congius m (genitive congiī or congī); second declension

1. (historical) congius, a Roman unit of liquid measure equivalent to about 3.3 L
2. (historical) congius, a Roman unit of mass equivalent to about 3.3 kg, the weight of a congius of water

Declension

Second-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	congius	congiī
genitive	congiī congī1	congiōrum
dative	congiō	congiīs
accusative	congium	congiōs
ablative	congiō	congiīs
vocative	congie	congiī

¹Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).

Coordinate terms

• (unit of liquid volume): lingula (1/288 congius), cyathus (1/72 congius), acetabulum (1/48 congius), quartarius (1/24 congius), hemina (1/12 congius), sextarius (⅙ congius), urna (4 congii), amphora (8 congii), culeus (160 congii)

Derived terms

• congiārium
• congiārius

Descendants

• Italo-Romance:
  • Italian: cogno, cogna
• ⇒ Vulgar Latin: *bicongius
  • Italian: bigoncio, bigoncia
    • → Medieval Latin: beguncio, bigonzus

Borrowings:

• → Ancient Greek: κόγγιον (kóngion)
• → English: congius
• → French: conge
  • → English: conge, congy
• → Italian: congio
• → Portuguese: côngio
• → Spanish: congio

References

• “congius”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “congius”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "congius", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “congius”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• “congius”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “congius”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
• Ernout, Alfred; Meillet, Antoine (1985), “congius”, in Dictionnaire étymologique de la langue latine: histoire des mots (in French), 4th edition, with additions and corrections of Jacques André, Paris: Klincksieck, published 2001, page 137b