escrier

Middle French

Alternative forms

• écrier

Etymology

From Old French escrier (“to scream”).

Verb

escrier

1. to cry out; to shout out loud

Conjugation

• Middle French conjugation varies from one text to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.

Conjugation of escrier

infinitive	simple	escrier
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle1 or gerund2	simple	escriant
	compound	present participle or gerund of avoir + past participle
past participle		escrié
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ie (i’)	tu	il, elle	nous	vous	ilz, elles
(simple tenses)	present	escrie	escries	escrie	escrions	escriez	escrient
	imperfect	escriois, escrioys	escriois, escrioys	escrioit, escrioyt	escriions, escriyons	escriiez, escriyez	escrioient, escrioyent
	past historic	escria	escrias	escria	escriasmes	escriastes	escrierent
	future	escrierai, escrieray	escrieras	escriera	escrierons	escrierez	escrieront
	conditional	escrierois, escrieroys	escrierois, escrieroys	escrieroit, escrieroyt	escrierions, escrieryons	escrieriez, escrieryez	escrieroient, escrieroyent
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que ie (i’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ilz, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	escrie	escries	escrie	escrions	escriez	escrient
	imperfect	escriasse	escriasses	escriast	escriassions	escriassiez	escriassent
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	escrie	—	escrions	escriez	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The present participle was variable in gender and number until the 17th century (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], Une esthétique nouvelle: Honoré d'Urfé, correcteur de l'Astrée, p. 179). The French Academy would eventually declare it not to be declined in 1679.
2 The gerund was held to be invariable by grammarians of the early 17th century, and was usable with preposition en, as in Modern French, although the preposition was not mandatory (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], op. cit., p. 180).

Descendants

• French: écrier

Old French

Alternative forms

• acrier, escrïer (some scholars use a diaeresis)

Etymology

From es- (“out”) +‎ crier (“to cry, shout, proclaim”); and also from Frankish *skrīan (“to yell, scream, call out, shout”), from Proto-Germanic *skrījaną (“to cry out”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)krey- (“to scream, caw”). Cognate with Old High German scrīan ("to yell, scream, cry out, shout"; > German schreien), Middle Low German scrien (“to scream, shout, complain, call”), West Frisian skreauwe (“to cry out”). More at cry.

Verb

escrier

1. to cry out; to shout out loud

Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

    Conjugation of escrier (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)

		simple			compound
infinitive		escrier			avoir escrïé
gerund		en escriant			gerund of avoir + past participle
present participle		escriant
past participle		escrïé
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	il	nos	vos	il
simple tenses	present	escri	escrïes	escrïe	escrions	escrïez	escrïent
	imperfect	escrioie, escrïeie, escrioe, escrïeve	escrioies, escrïeies, escrioes, escrïeves	escrioit, escrïeit, escriot, escrïeve	escriiiens, escriiens	escriiiez, escriiez	escrioient, escrïeient, escrioent, escrïevent
	preterite	escriai	escrias	escria	escriames	escriastes	escrïerent
	future	escrïerai	escrïeras	escrïera	escrïerons	escrïeroiz, escrïereiz, escrïerez	escrïeront
	conditional	escrïeroie, escrïereie	escrïeroies, escrïereies	escrïeroit, escrïereit	escrïeriiens, escrïeriens	escrïeriiez, escrïeriez	escrïeroient, escrïereient
compound tenses	present perfect	present tense of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect tense of avoir + past participle
	past anterior	preterite tense of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future tense of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional tense of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que jo	que tu	qu’il	que nos	que vos	qu’il
simple tenses	present	escri	escris	escrit	escrions	escrïez	escrïent
	imperfect	escriasse	escriasses	escriast	escriissons, escriissiens	escriissoiz, escriissez, escriissiez	escriassent
compound tenses	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nos	vos	–
		—	escrïe	—	escrions	escrïez	—

Descendants

• Middle French: escrier, écrier
  • French: écrier
• → Middle English: ascrien, ascryen
  • English: scry