ferula

See also: Ferula and férula

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin ferula (“giant fennel”), whose stalks were once used in punishing schoolboys. Doublet of ferule.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈfɛɹələ/

Noun

ferula (plural ferulas or ferulae)

1. (obsolete) A ferule.
   • 1613–1614, William Shakespeare, John Fletcher, “The Two Noble Kinsmen”, in Comedies and Tragedies […], London: […] Humphrey Robinson, […], and for Humphrey Moseley […], published 1679, →OCLC, (please specify the act number in uppercase Roman numerals, and the scene number in lowercase Roman numerals):

     He humbles with a ferula the tall ones

2. (archaic) A stroke from a cane.
   • 1916 December 29, James Joyce, chapter I, in A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, New York, N.Y.: B[enjamin] W. Huebsch, →OCLC, page 46:

     And Old Barrett has a new way of twisting the note so that you can't open it and fold it again to see how many ferulæ you are to get.

3. (obsolete) The imperial sceptre in the Byzantine Empire.

Translations

stroke from a cane

French: coup de cane m

Anagrams

• Laufer, earful

Latin

Etymology

Uncertain but perhaps connected to festūca (“stalk, straw”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈfɛ.rʊ.ɫa]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈfɛː.ru.la]

Noun

ferula f (genitive ferulae); first declension

1. giant fennel (Ferula communis)
2. a staff, stick, rod
3. a splint
4. the unramified horn of a young stag

Declension

First-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	ferula	ferulae
genitive	ferulae	ferulārum
dative	ferulae	ferulīs
accusative	ferulam	ferulās
ablative	ferulā	ferulīs
vocative	ferula	ferulae

Descendants

• Insular Romance:
  • Sardinian: feurra, ⇒ fiuredda, feuredda, feruledda, eruledda, fraudda
• Italo-Romance:
  • Italian: ferla, ferola, ⇒ ferolaggine
  • Neapolitan: ferula, fergola, fregola, ⇒ ferlizza, cannaferla
  • Sicilian: ferra, fella, A Ferra (toponym), ⇒ ferluju
• Gallo-Italic:
  • Lombard: ferla
  • Piedmontese: ferla
  • Romagnol: ferla
• Gallo-Romance:
  • Catalan: ferla, ⇒ canyaferla
  • Old Occitan: ferla
• Ibero-Romance:
  • ⇒ Aragonese: cañaferra
• Borrowings:
  • → Catalan: fèrula
  • → English: ferula
  • → French: férule
    • → English: ferule
  • → Italian: ferula
  • → Middle High German: ferla
    • → Old Czech: berla, brla (dialectal)
      • Czech: berla, berle
      • → Old Polish: berła, perła, piorło
        • Polish: berło, barło, berła (Middle Polish)
          • → Kashubian: berło
        • Silesian: berło
  • → Occitan: ferula
  • → Spanish: férula
  • → Translingual: Ferula

References

• Coromines, Joan; Pascual, José Antonio (1984), “caña”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critical Castilian and Hispanic etymological dictionary]‎ (in Spanish), volume I (A–Ca), Madrid: Gredos, →ISBN, page 822
• Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002), “fĕrŭla”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume 3: D–F, page 477
• “ferula”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ferula”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "ferula", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “ferula”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• ferula in Georges, Karl Ernst; Georges, Heinrich (1913–1918), Ausführliches lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch, 8th edition, volume 1, Hahnsche Buchhandlung