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finitimus

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

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Latin

Alternative forms

  • fīnitumus

Etymology

Derived from fīnis (“boundary; limit”). Compare lēgitimus, maritimus. (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

Adjective

fīnitimus (feminine fīnitima, neuter fīnitimum); first/second-declension adjective [with dative ‘to something or someone’ or in absolute use]

  1. bordering upon, adjoining, adjacent, neighbouring; close, near
    Synonyms: vīcīnus, propinquus, contiguus, proximus, conterminus
    Antonyms: remōtus, longinquus
    1. (Ciceronianism, figurative) related, closely linked
      • 84 BCE, Cicero, De inventione 2.165:
        Propter se autem vitanda sunt non ea modo, quae his contraria sunt, ut fortitudini ignavia et iustitiae iniustitia, verum etiam illa, quae propinqua videntur et finitima esse. […] Sic uni cuique virtuti finitimum vitium reperietur, aut certo iam nomine appellatum, ut audacia, quae fidentiae, pertinacia, quae perseverantiae finitima est, […]
        (please add an English translation of this quotation)
      • 46 BCE, Cicero, Brutus 156:
        […] ; simul illud gaudeo, quod et aequalitas vestra et pares honorum gradus et artium studiorumque quasi finitima vicinitas tantum abest ab obtrectatione et invidia, quae solet lacerare plerosque, ut ea non modo non exulcerare vestram gratiam, sed etiam conciliare videatur.
        (please add an English translation of this quotation)
  2. (relative adjective) concerning or originating from neighbouring people
    (Can we add an example for this sense?)
  3. (nominalized, plural only, masculine) men living on or over one's border, neighbors; their people as a whole
    Near-synonym: vīcīnī
    • c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico 1.2:
      Hīs rēbus fīēbat ut et minus lātē vagārentur et minus facile fīnitimīs bellum īnferre possent; quā ex parte hominēs bellandī cupidī magnō dolōre adficiēbantur.
      As a result of these things, it happened that they both wandered less widely and were less easily able to wage war upon their neighbors; for this reason, the men eager for war were afflicted with great distress.
    • 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 1.29–30:
      scīlicet arma magis quam sīdera, Rōmule, nōrās,
      cūraque fīnitimōs vincere maior erat.
      In good truth, Romulus, thou wast better acquainted with arms than with the stars, and thy greater care was to conquer thy neighbours.
      (Henry T. Riley, trans.: 1851 CE)
  4. (Late Latin) (of an event) imminent; coming to an end
    • c. 490 CE – 544 CE, Arator, De actibus apostolorum 2.1206–1209:
      Mensibus hibernis tribus in regione Melite
      Multiplicem dat Paulus opem, Publiique parentem
      Finitima de clade levat, quo munere viso
      Undique praecipites subitam rapuere salutem.
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

More information singular, plural ...

Descendants

  • → Italian: finitimo
  • → Portuguese: finítimo
  • → Spanish: finítimo

References

  • “finitimus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “finitimus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • “finitimus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • finitimus, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011
  • "finitimus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
    • to be contiguous, adjacent to a country: finitimum esse terrae
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