flos

See also: Flos

Latin

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flos

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Etymology

A root noun interpreted as an s-stem noun, from Proto-Italic *flōs, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰleh₃-s (“flower, blossom”), from *bʰleh₃- (“to bloom”). Cognates include Ancient Greek φύλλον (phúllon), Gothic 𐌱𐌻𐍉𐌼𐌰 (blōma) and Old English blōstm, blæd (“leaf”) (English blossom, blade).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈfɫoːs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈflɔs]

Noun

flōs m (genitive flōris); third declension

1. flower, blossom
   • 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 3.253–254:

     ferte deae flōrēs: gaudet flōrentibus herbīs haec dea

     Bring flowers for the goddess; this goddess takes pleasure in flowering plants.

   • c. 37 BCE – 30 BCE, Virgil, Georgics 4.109–111:

     Invitent croceis [apes] halantes floribus horti
     Et custos furum atque avium cum falce saligna
     Hellespontiaci servet tutela Priapi.

     May gardens bright, fragrant with flower, lure them [the bees] and Hellespontian Priap with his willow scythe the robbing bee and the birds keep away.

2. (figuratively) the best kind or part of something
3. (figuratively) the prime; best state of things
4. (figuratively) an ornament or embellishment

Declension

Third-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	flōs	flōrēs
genitive	flōris	flōrum
dative	flōrī	flōribus
accusative	flōrem	flōrēs
ablative	flōre	flōribus
vocative	flōs	flōrēs

Derived terms

• flōreō
• flōrētum
• flōreus
• flōricolor
• flōricomus
• *flōriculus (Vulgar Latin)
• flōrifer
• flōrigenus
• flōriger
• flōriparus
• flōrisapus
• flōrōsus
• flōrulentus
• flōrus
• flōscula
• flōsculus

Related terms

• Flōra
• flōrālia
• flōrēns
• flōrenter
• flōrentēs
• flōrēscens
• flōrēscō
• Flōrida
• flōridē
• flōridulus
• flōridus
• flōritiō
• Flōrus
• flōscellus
• flōsculē

Descendants

• Insular Romance:
  • Sardinian: frore, fiore
• Balkano-Romance:
  • Aromanian: floari
  • Megleno-Romanian: floari
  • Romanian: floare
• Italo-Dalmatian:
  • Corsican: fiore
  • Istriot: fiùr
  • Italian: fiore
  • Neapolitan: sciore
  • Sicilian: ciuri
  • Venetan: fior
    • →? Dalmatian: fiaur
• Rhaeto-Romance:
  • Friulian: flôr
  • Ladin: fior, >? ciüf, ciof, ciöf
  • Romansch: flur, flura, flour
• Gallo-Italic:
  • Emilian: fiaur, fiur
  • Ligurian: sciô
  • Lombard: fiuur, fiùu
  • Piedmontese: fior
  • Romagnol: fiôr
• Gallo-Romance:
  • Northern:
    • Franco-Provençal: fllor
    • Old French: flor (see there for further descendants)
  • Southern:
    • Catalan: flor
    • Old Occitan: flor
      • Gascon: hlor, ⇒ ehlor, eslor
      • Occitan: flor
• Ibero-Romance:
  • Aragonese: flor
  • Asturian: flor
  • Extremaduran: frol
  • Mirandese: frol, flor
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: flor (see there for further descendants)
  • Old Spanish: flor
    • Ladino: flor
    • Spanish: flor
      • → English: flor
• Borrowings:
  • → Esperanto: floro
    • → Ido: floro
  • → Interlingua: flor
  • → Swedish: flor
  • → Translingual: Flos
  • → Volapük: flor
  • → Tachawit: taflurt (“flower”)
  • → Tuareg: fələr (“flower”)

References

• “flos”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “flos”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "flos", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “flos”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • the prime of youthful vigour: flos aetatis
    
  • the perfume exhaled by flowers: odores, qui efflantur e floribus
    
  • (ambiguous) flowers of rhetoric; embellishments of style: lumina, flores dicendi (De Or. 3. 25. 96)
    
  • (ambiguous) a glorious expanse of flowers: laetissimi flores (Verr. 4. 48. 107)
    

Swedish

Alternative forms

• floss
• flous
• flouse

Etymology

From Arabic فلوس (fulūs, “money”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fluːs/

Noun

flos ?

1. (slang) money

References

• Slangopedia