fraper

Middle French

Verb

fraper

1. alternative form of frapper

Conjugation

• Middle French conjugation varies from one text to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.

Conjugation of fraper

infinitive	simple	fraper
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle1 or gerund2	simple	frapant
	compound	present participle or gerund of avoir + past participle
past participle		frapé
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ie (i’)	tu	il, elle	nous	vous	ilz, elles
(simple tenses)	present	frape	frapes	frape	frapons	frapez	frapent
	imperfect	frapois, frapoys	frapois, frapoys	frapoit, frapoyt	frapions, frapyons	frapiez, frapyez	frapoient, frapoyent
	past historic	frapa	frapas	frapa	frapasmes	frapastes	fraperent
	future	fraperai, fraperay	fraperas	frapera	fraperons	fraperez	fraperont
	conditional	fraperois, fraperoys	fraperois, fraperoys	fraperoit, fraperoyt	fraperions, fraperyons	fraperiez, fraperyez	fraperoient, fraperoyent
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que ie (i’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ilz, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	frape	frapes	frape	frapons	frapez	frapent
	imperfect	frapasse	frapasses	frapast	frapassions	frapassiez	frapassent
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	frape	—	frapons	frapez	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The present participle was variable in gender and number until the 17th century (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], Une esthétique nouvelle: Honoré d'Urfé, correcteur de l'Astrée, p. 179). The French Academy would eventually declare it not to be declined in 1679.
2 The gerund was held to be invariable by grammarians of the early 17th century, and was usable with preposition en, as in Modern French, although the preposition was not mandatory (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], op. cit., p. 180).

Old French

Alternative forms

• frapper

Verb

fraper

1. to hit; to strike

Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. The forms that would normally end in *-ps, *-pt are modified to s, t. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

    Conjugation of fraper (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)

		simple			compound
infinitive		fraper			avoir frapé
gerund		en frapant			gerund of avoir + past participle
present participle		frapant
past participle		frapé
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	il	nos	vos	il
simple tenses	present	frap	frapes	frape	frapons	frapez	frapent
	imperfect	frapoie, frapeie, frapoe, frapeve	frapoies, frapeies, frapoes, frapeves	frapoit, frapeit, frapot, frapeve	frapiiens, frapiens	frapiiez, frapiez	frapoient, frapeient, frapoent, frapevent
	preterite	frapai	frapas	frapa	frapames	frapastes	fraperent
	future	fraperai	fraperas	frapera	fraperons	fraperoiz, frapereiz, fraperez	fraperont
	conditional	fraperoie, frapereie	fraperoies, frapereies	fraperoit, frapereit	fraperiiens, fraperiens	fraperiiez, fraperiez	fraperoient, frapereient
compound tenses	present perfect	present tense of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect tense of avoir + past participle
	past anterior	preterite tense of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future tense of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional tense of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que jo	que tu	qu’il	que nos	que vos	qu’il
simple tenses	present	frap	fras	frat	frapons	frapez	frapent
	imperfect	frapasse	frapasses	frapast	frapissons, frapissiens	frapissoiz, frapissez, frapissiez	frapassent
compound tenses	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nos	vos	–
		—	frape	—	frapons	frapez	—

Descendants

• Middle French: frapper, fraper
  • French: frapper
• → Middle English: frapen, frappen
  • → English: frap