gieldan

Old English

Alternative forms

• ġildan — Early West Saxon
• ġyldan — Late West Saxon
• ġeldan — Anglian, Kentish

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *geldan, from Proto-Germanic *geldaną. Cognate with Old Frisian jelda, Old Saxon geldan, Old High German geltan, Old Norse gjalda, Gothic *𐌲𐌹𐌻𐌳𐌰𐌽 (*gildan).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈji͜yl.dɑn/, [ˈji͜yɫ.dɑn]

Verb

ġieldan (Early West Saxon)

1. to pay
   • Laws of King Ine

     Ðonne mon bēam on wuda forbǣrne, ⁊ weorðe yppe on þone ðe hit dȳde, ġielde hē fulwīte: ġeselle LX sċill., forþamþe fȳr bið þēof.

     If a man burns up a tree in a forest, and it becomes known who did it, he shall pay a full fine: he shall pay sixty shillings, for fire is a thief.

2. to reward
3. to worship (+ dative)

Conjugation

Conjugation of ġieldan (strong, class III)

infinitive	ġieldan	ġieldenne
indicative mood	present tense	past tense
first person singular	ġielde	ġeald
second person singular	ġielst, ġieltst	gulde
third person singular	ġielt	ġeald
plural	ġieldaþ	guldon
subjunctive	present tense	past tense
singular	ġielde	gulde
plural	ġielden	gulden
imperative
singular	ġield
plural	ġieldaþ
participle	present	past
	ġieldende	(ġe)golden

Derived terms

• aġieldan
• forġieldan
• ġielda

Descendants

• Middle English: yelden, yielden
  • English: yield
  • Scots: ȝeld, yeild, yield