hesternus

Latin

Etymology

Potentially from Proto-Italic *hesternos, in any case a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *dʰǵʰyes-ter- with apheresis of *dʰ- and *-y- from the initial consonant cluster *dʰǵʰy-. Equivalent to herī +‎ -ter +‎ -nus. Cognate with English yester-, German gestern and Dutch gisteren.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [hɛsˈtɛr.nʊs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [esˈtɛr.nus]

Adjective

hesternus (feminine hesterna, neuter hesternum); first/second-declension adjective

1. yesterday's

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

	singular				plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	hesternus	hesterna	hesternum		hesternī	hesternae	hesterna
genitive	hesternī	hesternae	hesternī		hesternōrum	hesternārum	hesternōrum
dative	hesternō	hesternae	hesternō		hesternīs
accusative	hesternum	hesternam	hesternum		hesternōs	hesternās	hesterna
ablative	hesternō	hesternā	hesternō		hesternīs
vocative	hesterne	hesterna	hesternum		hesternī	hesternae	hesterna

Descendants

• Italo-Romance:
  • Neapolitan: jesterza
• Borrowings:
  • → Portuguese: hesterno
  • → Spanish: hesterno

References

• “hesternus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “hesternus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "hesternus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “hesternus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • yesterday, to-day, tomorrow: dies hesternus, hodiernus, crastinus