incomitatus

Latin

Etymology

From in- (“un-”) +‎ comitātus (“accompanied”), from the perfect active participle (used passively) of comitor (“to escort, accompany, attend”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ɪŋ.kɔ.mɪˈtaː.tʊs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [iŋ.ko.miˈtaː.tus]

Adjective

incomitātus (feminine incomitāta, neuter incomitātum); first/second-declension adjective

1. unaccompanied, unattended, alone
   • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.466–468:

     [...] semperque relinquī / sōla sibī, semper longam incomitāta vidētur / īre viam, et Tyriōs dēsertā quaerere terrā.

     [Dido’s anguished dreams:] and always to be left to herself all alone, forever she seems to go a long way, unattended, and looking for her Tyrian [companions] in a solitary land.

   • 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 4.513–514:

     ‘māter!’ ait virgō (mōta est dea nōmine mātris)
     ‘quid facis in sōlīs incomitāta locīs?’

     ‘‘Mother!’’ says the maiden (the goddess was moved by the name of mother),
     ‘‘What are you doing unattended in lonely places?’’
     (A young shepherdess chances upon the goddess Ceres who, having disguised herself as an old woman, is searching everywhere for her own lost daughter, Persephone.)

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

	singular				plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	incomitātus	incomitāta	incomitātum		incomitātī	incomitātae	incomitāta
genitive	incomitātī	incomitātae	incomitātī		incomitātōrum	incomitātārum	incomitātōrum
dative	incomitātō	incomitātae	incomitātō		incomitātīs
accusative	incomitātum	incomitātam	incomitātum		incomitātōs	incomitātās	incomitāta
ablative	incomitātō	incomitātā	incomitātō		incomitātīs
vocative	incomitāte	incomitāta	incomitātum		incomitātī	incomitātae	incomitāta

References

• “incomitatus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “incomitatus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers