km

See also: Appendix:Variations of "km"

㎞ U+339E, ㎞ SQUARE KM ← ㎝ [U+339D] CJK Compatibility ㎟ → [U+339F]

Translingual

Etymology 1

From k (“kilo-”) +‎ m (“metre”).

Symbol

km

2. (metrology) Symbol for kilometre (kilometer), an SI unit of length equal to 10³ metres (meters).
   • 2022 January 2, Benjamin Giles, “In 2021 I ran 2,000km. It was the first resolution I’d kept longer than two weeks”, in The Guardian‎ (in English):

     In the second year of the pandemic I ran 2,000km. This was a big leap from the first year of the pandemic, and the preceding 50 years, during which I’d only ever dragged my dad bod around the same 5km route a few times a week.

   • 2022 March 8, Sarah DeWeerdt, “Barcelona-style “superblocks” could make a surprising number of cities greener and less car-centric”, in Anthropocene Magazine‎ (in English), archived from the original on 20 October 2022:

     Eggimann used a computer algorithm to analyze data from the open-source geographic database OpenStreetMap and automatically detect areas with the superblock potential. He applied this analysis to 5 km x 5 km areas of the city center in 18 different cities around the world.

   • 2022 December 23, Jon Henley, Edward Helmore, Maya Yang, “Gigantic US winter storm leaves millions without power and cancels holiday plans”, in The Guardian‎ (in English):

     Ahead of one of the busiest travel periods of the year, the American Automobile Association (AAA) said more than 112 million people planned to travel 50 miles (80 km) or more from home between 23 December and 2 January.

Derived terms

• km/h

Related terms

• kms

Translations

kilometer

Armenian: կմ (km) Bengali: please add this translation if you can Danish: km (da) Georgian: კმ (ḳm) Greek: χλμ. (chlm.) Hebrew: ק״מ Hindi: सहस्रमान (sahasramān) Hungarian: km (hu) Khmer: គ.ម (km) Lao: ກມ (kam) Lü: ᦜᧅ (l̇ak) Norwegian: Bokmål: km (no) Nynorsk: km Russian: км (ru) (km) Swedish: km (sv) Tamil: கிமீ (kimī) Thai: กม. (th) (gɔɔ-mɔɔ) Yiddish: please add this translation if you can

Etymology 2

Abbreviation of English Khmer, from Khmer ខ្មែរ (khmae).

Symbol

km

2. (international standards) ISO 639-1 language code for Khmer.

See also

• Wiktionary’s coverage of Khmer terms

Danish

Noun

km

1. (crochet) abbreviation of kædemaske

Egyptian

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

 

• (reconstructed) IPA^(key): /kaːm/ → /kaːm/ → /kaːm/ → /koːm/

• (Old Egyptian, c. 2500 BCE) IPA^(key): /kaːm/
• (Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 BCE) IPA^(key): /kaːm/
• (Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE) IPA^(key): /kaːm/
• (latest Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE) IPA^(key): /koːm/

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /kɛm/
  • Conventional anglicization: kem

Verb

 2-lit.

1. (transitive) to complete
2. (transitive) to total, to sum up to
   • c. 2000 BCE – 1900 BCE, Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115) lines 127–128:

     km.n.n sfḫjw-djw ḥfꜣw m msw.j ḥnꜥ snw.j

     We totalled seventy-five snakes, comprising my children along with my siblings.

Inflection

Conjugation of km (biliteral / 2-lit. / 2rad.) — base stem: km, geminated stem: kmm

infinitival forms imperative infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural km kmw, km kmt km, j.km km, j.km ‘pseudoverbal’ forms stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2 km ḥr km m km r km suffix conjugation aspect / mood active passive contingent aspect / mood active passive perfect km.n kmw, km consecutive km.jn active + .tj1, .tw2 active + .tj1, .tw2 terminative kmt perfective3 km active + .tj1, .tw2 obligative1 km.ḫr active + .tj1, .tw2 imperfective km, j.km1 active + .tj1, .tw2 prospective3 km kmm potentialis1 km.kꜣ active + .tj1, .tw2 active + .tj1, .tw2 subjunctive km, j.km1 active + .tj1, .tw2 verbal adjectives aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles active passive active passive perfect km.n active + .tj1, .tw2 — — perfective km active + .tj1, .tw2 km kmm, kmmj6, km2, kmw2 5, kmy2 5 imperfective j.km1, km, kmy, kmw5 active + .tj1, .tw2 j.km1, j.kmw1 5, km, kmj6, kmy6 km, kmw5 prospective km, kmtj7 — kmtj4, kmt4 1 Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. 2 Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. 3 Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. 4 Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. 5 Only in the masculine singular. 6 Only in the masculine. 7 Only in the feminine.

Etymology 2

From Proto-Afroasiatic *kum- (“to be black”).

Pronunciation

 

• (reconstructed) IPA^(key): /ˈkuːmaw/ → /ˈkuːmaw/ → /ˈkuːmə/ → /keːm/

• (Old Egyptian, c. 2500 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈkuːmaw/
• (Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈkuːmaw/
• (Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈkuːmə/
• (latest Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE) IPA^(key): /keːm/

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /kɛm/
  • Conventional anglicization: kem

Adjective

1. perfective active participle of kmm: black

Inflection

Declension of km (perfective active participle)

	masculine	feminine
singular	km	kmt
dual	kmwj	kmtj
plural	kmw	kmwt1, kmt2

¹ Archaic in Middle Egyptian when modifying a noun.
² From Middle Egyptian, this feminine singular form was generally used for the plural.
In Late Egyptian, the masculine singular form was used with all nouns.

Alternative forms

See the ‘Alternative forms’ section under the main verb.

Derived terms

See the ‘Derived terms’ section under the main verb.

Descendants

• Bohairic Coptic: ⲭⲁⲙⲉ (khame), ⲭⲉⲙⲓ (khemi)
• Fayyumic Coptic: ⲕⲉⲙⲓ (kemi), ⲕⲉⲙ (kem)
• Sahidic Coptic: ⲕⲁⲙⲉ (kame), ⲕⲙⲙⲉ (kmme), ⲕⲁⲙ (kam)

See also

Colors in Egyptian · (jwnw) (layout · text)
basic colors	(ḥḏ)	(km)	(dšr)	(wꜣḏ)
nonbasic colors	(qnjt)	(ḫsbḏ)	(jrtjw)

References

• Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962), A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 286
• James P[eter] Allen (2010), Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 316.

Indonesian

Pronoun

km

1. (text messaging) abbreviation of kamu (“you”)