mischievous

Alternative forms

mischievious, mischevious (nonstandard forms)

Etymology

From Middle English myschevous, mischevous, from Anglo-Norman meschevous, from Old French meschever, from mes- (“mis-”) + chever (“come to an end”) (from chef (“head”)). By surface analysis, mischief +‎ -ous.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈmɪs.t͡ʃɪ.vəs/, /ˈmɪs.t͡ʃə.vəs/
Audio (US): (file)
(nonstandard) /mɪs.ˈt͡ʃiː.vi.əs/ (often along with the nonstandard spellings mischievious and/or mischevious)
(dated) /mɪs.ˈt͡ʃiː.vəs/

Adjective

mischievous (comparative more mischievous, superlative most mischievous)

Causing mischief; injurious.
- 1793, Joseph Butler, The Analogy of Religion:
  ...; that good and bad actions at present are naturally rewarded and punished, not only as beneficial and mischievous to society, but also as virtuous and civious; ...
- 1892, Henry Sidgwick, Outlines of the History of Ethics:
  On the whole, therefore, he concludes that the point of indulgence at which these self-passions or self-affections begin to be mischievous to the individual coincides with that at which they begin to be mischievous to society; ...
Troublesome, cheeky, badly behaved, impish, naughty, disobedient; showing a fondness for causing trouble in a playful way and liking to have fun by playing harmless tricks on people or doing things they are not supposed to do.
Matthew had a twin brother called Edward, who was always mischievous and badly behaved.

Usage notes

The spelling "misch(i)evious" and similar ones can be found since the 16th century, so the corresponding pronunciation is at least as old. But despite being common in a wide range of social classes today, these spellings and the corresponding pronunciation are still considered nonstandard and often viewed as incorrect.

Synonyms

(causing mischief): harmful, hurtful, detrimental, noxious, pernicious, destructive; see also Thesaurus:harmful
(badly-behaved): badly-behaved, naughty

Derived terms

Translations

causing mischief

Afrikaans: ondeund
Bulgarian: непослушен (bg) (neposlušen), пакостлив (bg) (pakostliv)
Catalan: entremaliat (ca)
Chinese:
Mandarin: 有害 (zh) (yǒuhài)
Danish: fræk,
Dutch: kwetsend (nl), beledigend (nl)
Esperanto: petolema (eo)
Finnish: haitallinen (fi)
French: espiègle (fr)
Galician: renarte, bergante, pilengre, lumedrudo, adecán, xistrón, pillabán (gl), galdrido, congorro, perillán, pélgaro, méicharo, zorriaino, piardeiro, pegureiro (gl), galbín, galafate
Georgian: მავნე (mavne)
German: boshaft (de), schädlich (de)
Hungarian: kártékony (hu), ártalmas (hu), káros (hu), veszedelmes (hu)
Irish: toirmeascach, anmhailíseach
Italian: piantagrane (it), attaccabrighe (it), casinista (it)
Kurdish:
Northern Kurdish: ziyander (ku), zererder
Lithuanian: išdaigus
Maori: amionga, raweke, rawahanga, porohīanga
Paraguayan Guarani: ^{(please verify)} saraki
Polish: szkodliwy (pl)
Portuguese: bagunceiro (pt), (Brazil) sapeca (pt)
Romanian: rău (ro)
Russian: пакостный (ru) (pakostnyj)
Spanish: pícaro (es), travieso (es)
Swedish: busig (sv)
Turkish: haşarı (tr), yaramaz (tr), bacaksız (tr)
Yiddish: שטיפֿעריש (shtiferish)

naughty

Afrikaans: stout
Arabic: شِرِّير (ar) (širrīr), (indefinite) مُؤْذٍ (muʔḏin), (definite) الْمُؤْذِي (al-muʔḏī)
Bulgarian: злонамерен (bg) (zlonameren)
Catalan: entremaliat (ca)
Chinese:
Mandarin: 頑皮 / 顽皮 (zh) (wánpí), 淘氣 / 淘气 (zh) (táoqì), 調皮 / 调皮 (zh) (tiáopí)
Danish: fræk
Dutch: gemeen (nl), stout (nl)
Esperanto: petolema (eo), ŝercema
Estonian: ulakas, sõnakuulmatu, häbematu
Finnish: ilkikurinen (fi), pahankurinen, pahanilkinen (fi), ilkeä (fi)
French: coquin (fr), espiègle (fr), malicieux (fr), malin (fr), méchant (fr)
Galician: renarte, bergante, pilengre, lumedrudo, adecán, xistrón, pillabán (gl), galdrido, congorro, perillán, pélgaro, méicharo, zorriaino, piardeiro, pegureiro (gl), galbín, galafate, lambuzas, loubán (gl), magán, esculapeiro, abol, mandito, mangoleteiro (gl), falcatrueiro (gl)
German: unartig (de), ungehorsam (de), dreist (de), frech (de), spitzbübisch (de) (dated), schelmisch (de) (dated)
Hindi: बदमाश (hi) (badmāś)
Hungarian: csintalan (hu), pajkos (hu), huncut (hu), csibész (hu), pimasz (hu), zsivány (hu), betyár (hu), kópé (hu)
Irish: anmhailíseach
Italian: birichino (it), furbetto (it), malizioso (it)
Japanese: わんぱくな (ja) (wanpaku-na), いたずらな (ja) (itazura-na), やんちゃな (ja) (yancha-na), 行儀が悪い (ぎょうぎがわるい, gyōgi-ga warui)
Korean: 장난꾸러기의 (jangnankkureogiui)
Kurdish:
Northern Kurdish: şûm (ku), neqet (ku), destmatî (ku), venehewiyayî (ku)
Maori: hanariki, hīanga
Paraguayan Guarani: ^{(please verify)} saraki
Polish: psotny (pl), figlarny (pl), szelmowski (pl)
Portuguese: levado (pt), travesso (pt)
Romanian: răutăcios (ro), răuvoitor (ro), obraznic (ro)
Russian: озорно́й (ru) (ozornój), непослу́шный (ru) (neposlúšnyj), шаловли́вый (ru) (šalovlívyj)
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: нева̀љао

Roman: nevàljao (sh)
Spanish: travieso (es)
Turkish: haşarı (tr), yaramaz (tr), afacan (tr), haylaz (tr), bacaksız (tr)
Ukrainian: бешке́тний (uk) (beškétnyj), пустотли́вий (pustotlývyj)
Yiddish: שטיפֿעריש (shtiferish)

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

Irish: ^{(please verify)} ábhailleach, ^{(please verify)} aibéiseach

Anagrams

mischevious