numerus

See also: Numerus

Finnish

Etymology

Derived from Latin numerus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈnumerus/, [ˈnume̞rus̠]
• Rhymes: -umerus
• Hyphenation^(key): nu‧me‧rus

Noun

numerus

1. (grammar) grammatical number
2. (arithmetic) antilogarithm (the ${\displaystyle x}$ in ${\displaystyle a^{y}=x\Leftrightarrow \log _{a}(x)=y}$)

Declension

Inflection of numerus (Kotus type 39/vastaus, no gradation)
nominative		numerus	numerukset
genitive		numeruksen	numerusten numeruksien
partitive		numerusta	numeruksia
illative		numerukseen	numeruksiin
		singular	plural
nominative		numerus	numerukset
accusative	nom.	numerus	numerukset
	gen.	numeruksen
genitive		numeruksen	numerusten numeruksien
partitive		numerusta	numeruksia
inessive		numeruksessa	numeruksissa
elative		numeruksesta	numeruksista
illative		numerukseen	numeruksiin
adessive		numeruksella	numeruksilla
ablative		numerukselta	numeruksilta
allative		numerukselle	numeruksille
essive		numeruksena	numeruksina
translative		numerukseksi	numeruksiksi
abessive		numeruksetta	numeruksitta
instructive		—	numeruksin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of numerus (Kotus type 39/vastaus, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative numerukseni numerukseni accusative nom. numerukseni numerukseni gen. numerukseni genitive numerukseni numerusteni numeruksieni partitive numerustani numeruksiani inessive numeruksessani numeruksissani elative numeruksestani numeruksistani illative numerukseeni numeruksiini adessive numeruksellani numeruksillani ablative numerukseltani numeruksiltani allative numerukselleni numeruksilleni essive numeruksenani numeruksinani translative numeruksekseni numeruksikseni abessive numeruksettani numeruksittani instructive — — comitative — numeruksineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative numeruksesi numeruksesi accusative nom. numeruksesi numeruksesi gen. numeruksesi genitive numeruksesi numerustesi numeruksiesi partitive numerustasi numeruksiasi inessive numeruksessasi numeruksissasi elative numeruksestasi numeruksistasi illative numerukseesi numeruksiisi adessive numeruksellasi numeruksillasi ablative numerukseltasi numeruksiltasi allative numeruksellesi numeruksillesi essive numeruksenasi numeruksinasi translative numerukseksesi numeruksiksesi abessive numeruksettasi numeruksittasi instructive — — comitative — numeruksinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative numeruksemme numeruksemme accusative nom. numeruksemme numeruksemme gen. numeruksemme genitive numeruksemme numerustemme numeruksiemme partitive numerustamme numeruksiamme inessive numeruksessamme numeruksissamme elative numeruksestamme numeruksistamme illative numerukseemme numeruksiimme adessive numeruksellamme numeruksillamme ablative numerukseltamme numeruksiltamme allative numeruksellemme numeruksillemme essive numeruksenamme numeruksinamme translative numerukseksemme numeruksiksemme abessive numeruksettamme numeruksittamme instructive — — comitative — numeruksinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative numeruksenne numeruksenne accusative nom. numeruksenne numeruksenne gen. numeruksenne genitive numeruksenne numerustenne numeruksienne partitive numerustanne numeruksianne inessive numeruksessanne numeruksissanne elative numeruksestanne numeruksistanne illative numerukseenne numeruksiinne adessive numeruksellanne numeruksillanne ablative numerukseltanne numeruksiltanne allative numeruksellenne numeruksillenne essive numeruksenanne numeruksinanne translative numerukseksenne numeruksiksenne abessive numeruksettanne numeruksittanne instructive — — comitative — numeruksinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative numeruksensa numeruksensa accusative nom. numeruksensa numeruksensa gen. numeruksensa genitive numeruksensa numerustensa numeruksiensa partitive numerustaan numerustansa numeruksiaan numeruksiansa inessive numeruksessaan numeruksessansa numeruksissaan numeruksissansa elative numeruksestaan numeruksestansa numeruksistaan numeruksistansa illative numerukseensa numeruksiinsa adessive numeruksellaan numeruksellansa numeruksillaan numeruksillansa ablative numerukseltaan numerukseltansa numeruksiltaan numeruksiltansa allative numerukselleen numeruksellensa numeruksilleen numeruksillensa essive numeruksenaan numeruksenansa numeruksinaan numeruksinansa translative numeruksekseen numerukseksensa numeruksikseen numeruksiksensa abessive numeruksettaan numeruksettansa numeruksittaan numeruksittansa instructive — — comitative — numeruksineen numeruksinensa

Synonyms

• kieliopillinen luku

Further reading

• “numerus”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03

Latin

Etymology

By rhotacism from Proto-Italic *nomezos, from Proto-Indo-European *nem- (“to assign, allot; take”).^[1] Cognate with Ancient Greek νέμω (némō, “to distribute”), Gothic 𐌽𐌹𐌼𐌰𐌽 (niman, “to take”), Latvian ņemt (“to take”) and Old Irish nem (“gift”).

The grammatical sense is a semantic loan from Ancient Greek ἀριθμός (arithmós).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈnu.me.rus/, [ˈnʊmɛrʊs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈnu.me.rus/, [ˈnuːmerus]

Noun

numerus m (genitive numerī); second declension

1. number

   inire numerum/rationem ― to count

2. collection, quantity
   • Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico 6.14:

     Magnum ibi numerum versuum ediscere dicuntur.

     They are said there to learn by heart a great quantity of verses.

3. (figuratively) rank, position

   in numerō habēre ― to rank

4. (music) time, rhythm
5. (grammar) number

Declension

Second-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	numerus	numerī
genitive	numerī	numerōrum
dative	numerō	numerīs
accusative	numerum	numerōs
ablative	numerō	numerīs
vocative	numere	numerī

Derived terms

• numerābilis
• numerālis
• numerārius
• Numeria
• numerius
• numerō
• numerōsus

Related terms

• numerātiō
• numerātor
• numerātus
• numerōsē
• numerōsitās
• numerōsiter

Descendants

• Eastern Romance
  • Romanian: număr
• Gallo-Italic
  • Piedmontese: nùmer
• Italo-Dalmatian
  • Italian: novero
• Old French: nonbre, nombre, noumbre, numbre, nunbre
  • French: nombre
  • Sicilian: nùmmiru, nùmmaru, nùmmuru
    • → Maltese: numru
  • → Middle Dutch: nommer
    • Dutch: nummer
      • Afrikaans: nommer
      • Berbice Creole Dutch: nombru
      • Petjo: nummer
      • → Caribbean Javanese: nomer
      • → Indonesian: nomer
      • → Sranan Tongo: nomru
      • → Trió: numuru
      • → West Frisian: nûmer
    • Limburgish: nómmer
  • → Middle English: nombre
    • English: number (see there for further descendants)
    • Scots: nummer
• Old Occitan: nombre
  • Catalan: nombre
  • Occitan: nombre
• Rhaeto-Romance
  • Friulian: numar
  • Ladin: numer
  • Romansch: numer, nomer
• Sardinian: númeru, númunu
• Venetan: nùmaro
• West Iberian
  • Navarro-Aragonese:
    • Aragonese: nombre
  • Old Galician-Portuguese:
    • Portuguese: nombro

Borrowings

• → Albanian: numër
• → Asturian: númberu
• → Proto-Brythonic: *niβ̃er (see there for further descendants)
• → Catalan: número
• → Czech: numero
• → English: numero
• → Finnish: numero, numerus
• → Galician: número
• → German: Numerus
• → Italian: numero, nummero (misspelling or pronunciation spelling)
  • → French: numéro
    • Haitian Creole: nimewo
  • → German: Numero, Nummer (see there for further descendants)
  • → Luxembourgish: Nummero, Nummer
  • → Ottoman Turkish: نومرو (nümero), نومره (nümera)
    • Turkish: numara
  • → Yiddish: נומער (numer)
• → Middle Irish: nuimir, uimir
  • Irish: uimhir
• → Mirandese: númaro
• → Portuguese: número
• → Spanish: número
  • → Hiligaynon: numero
  • → Karao: nomiro
  • → San Juan Atzingo Popoloca: númērō
  • → Tagalog: numero

Unsorted borrowings

• → Azerbaijani: nömrə
• → Belarusian: нумар (numar)
• → Bulgarian: номер (nomer)
• → Bengali: নম্বর (nombor)
• → Central Dusun: numbul
• → Egyptian Arabic: نمره (nímra)
• → Greek: νούμερο (noúmero)
• → Gujarati: નંબર (nambar)
• → Central Dusun: numbul
• → Georgian: ნომერი (nomeri)
• → Kazakh: нөмір (nömır)
• → Kyrgyz: номер (nomer)
• → Latvian: numurs
• → Persian: نمره (nomre)
• → Russian: но́мер (nómer) (see there for further descendants)
• → Turkmen: nomer
• → Uyghur: نومۇر (nomur)

See also

• nummus

References

1. De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “numerus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 419

Further reading

• “numerus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “numerus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• numerus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• numerus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • perfect in every detail: omnibus numeris absolutus (N. D. 2. 13)
    
  • arithmetic: numeri (-orum)
    
  • a master-piece of classical work: opus omnibus numeris absolutum
    
  • poetical rhythm: numerus poetice vinctus
    
  • the tune; rhythm: numerus, numeri
    
  • to make a speech rhythmical: numeris orationem astringere, vincire
    
  • to be regarded as a god: numerum deorum obtinere (N. D. 3. 20)
    
  • to deify a person: aliquem in deorum numerum referre, reponere
    
  • to place a person's name on the list of the proscribed: in proscriptorum numerum referre aliquem (Rosc. Am. 11. 32)
    
  • (ambiguous) to differ qualitatively not quantitatively: genere, non numero or magnitudine differre
    
  • (ambiguous) to consider as a god: aliquem in deorum numero referre
    
  • (ambiguous) an ordinary, average Roman citizen: unus e togatorum numero
    
  • (ambiguous) to erase a person's name from the list of the proscribed: e proscriptorum numero eximere aliquem
    
• “numerus”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “numerus”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
• Dizionario Latino, Olivetti

Swedish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin numerus.

Noun

numerus n

1. (grammar) number (the state of being singular or plural as shown by inflection)

Declension

		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	numerus	numerus
	definite	numeruset	numerusets
plural	indefinite	numerus	numerus
	definite	numerusen	numerusens

Declension of numerus

References

• numerus in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
• numerus in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• numerus in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)