opad

Old Irish

Alternative forms

• obbad

Etymology

From uss- +‎ Proto-Celtic *-boudom.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈo.bəð/
  • (Blasse) [ˈo.bað]
  • (Griffith) [ˈo.bəð]

Noun

opad n

1. verbal noun of as·boind: refusal
   • c. 850, Carlsruhe Glosses on St Augustine’s Soliloquia, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. 2, pp. 1–9, Acr. 1^a1

     .i. opad fidei trinitatis

     that is, rejection of the faith of the Trinity

   • c. 845, St Gall Glosses on Priscian, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1975, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. II, pp. 49–224, Sg. 90^b4

     nícon·talla obbad fair itir

     it does not admit of refusal at all

Inflection

The gender is listed as masculine in DIL, but it at the same time labels the related and similarly formed apad (“proclamation”) as a neuter o-stem. Since they are formed like a root-based neuter o-stem verbal noun, they probably both are.

Neuter o-stem

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	opadN	—	—
vocative	opadN	—	—
accusative	opadN	—	—
genitive	opaidL	—	—
dative	opadL	—	—

Initial mutations of a following adjective:

• ^H = triggers aspiration
• ^L = triggers lenition
• ^N = triggers nasalization

Descendants

• Irish: obadh
• Scottish Gaelic: obadh

Mutation

Mutation of opad

radical	lenition	nasalization
opad (pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments)	opad	n-opad

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “opad, (obbad)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Polish

Polish Wikipedia has an article on:

opad

Wikipedia ^pl

Etymology

Deverbal from opadać.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɔ.pat/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɔpat
• Syllabification: o‧pad
• Homophones: opat, Opat

Noun

opad m inan (related adjective opadowy)

1. (chiefly in the plural) precipitation

   opady deszczu ― rainfall

   opady śniegu ― snowfall

Declension

Declension of opad

	singular	plural
nominative	opad	opady
genitive	opadu	opadów
dative	opadowi	opadom
accusative	opad	opady
instrumental	opadem	opadami
locative	opadzie	opadach
vocative	opadzie	opady

Derived terms

nouns

• opad Biernackiego
• opad pośmiertny
• opad promieniotwórczy

Further reading

• opad in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• opad in Polish dictionaries at PWN