oster

See also: ôter, öster, and Oster

Middle French

Verb

oster

1. to remove

Conjugation

• Middle French conjugation varies from one text to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.

Conjugation of oster

infinitive	simple	oster
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle1 or gerund2	simple	ostant
	compound	present participle or gerund of avoir + past participle
past participle		osté
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ie (i’)	tu	il, elle	nous	vous	ilz, elles
(simple tenses)	present	oste	ostes	oste	ostons	ostez	ostent
	imperfect	ostois, ostoys	ostois, ostoys	ostoit, ostoyt	ostions, ostyons	ostiez, ostyez	ostoient, ostoyent
	past historic	osta	ostas	osta	ostasmes	ostastes	osterent
	future	osterai, osteray	osteras	ostera	osterons	osterez	osteront
	conditional	osterois, osteroys	osterois, osteroys	osteroit, osteroyt	osterions, osteryons	osteriez, osteryez	osteroient, osteroyent
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que ie (i’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ilz, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	oste	ostes	oste	ostons	ostez	ostent
	imperfect	ostasse	ostasses	ostast	ostassions	ostassiez	ostassent
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	oste	—	ostons	ostez	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The present participle was variable in gender and number until the 17th century (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], Une esthétique nouvelle: Honoré d'Urfé, correcteur de l'Astrée, p. 179). The French Academy would eventually declare it not to be declined in 1679.
2 The gerund was held to be invariable by grammarians of the early 17th century, and was usable with preposition en, as in Modern French, although the preposition was not mandatory (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], op. cit., p. 180).

Descendants

• French: ôter

Norwegian Bokmål

Noun

oster m

1. indefinite plural of ost

Old French

Alternative forms

• hoster

Etymology

Latin obstō.

Verb

oster

1. to remove

Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. The forms that would normally end in *-sts, *-stt are modified to z, st. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

    Conjugation of oster (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)

		simple			compound
infinitive		oster			avoir osté
gerund		en ostant			gerund of avoir + past participle
present participle		ostant
past participle		osté
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	il	nos	vos	il
simple tenses	present	ost	ostes	oste	ostons	ostez	ostent
	imperfect	ostoie, osteie, ostoe, osteve	ostoies, osteies, ostoes, osteves	ostoit, osteit, ostot, osteve	ostiiens, ostiens	ostiiez, ostiez	ostoient, osteient, ostoent, ostevent
	preterite	ostai	ostas	osta	ostames	ostastes	osterent
	future	osterai	osteras	ostera	osterons	osteroiz, ostereiz, osterez	osteront
	conditional	osteroie, ostereie	osteroies, ostereies	osteroit, ostereit	osteriiens, osteriens	osteriiez, osteriez	osteroient, ostereient
compound tenses	present perfect	present tense of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect tense of avoir + past participle
	past anterior	preterite tense of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future tense of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional tense of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que jo	que tu	qu’il	que nos	que vos	qu’il
simple tenses	present	ost	oz	ost	ostons	ostez	ostent
	imperfect	ostasse	ostasses	ostast	ostissons, ostissiens	ostissoiz, ostissez, ostissiez	ostassent
compound tenses	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nos	vos	–
		—	oste	—	ostons	ostez	—

Descendants

• Middle French: oster
  • French: ôter
  • Louisiana French: oûter
• Anglo-Norman: ouster
  • → Middle English: ousten
    • English: oust
• Norman: ôter

References

• Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l'ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IX^e au XV^e siècle (1881) (oster, supplement)

Old Swedish

Etymology

From Old Norse ostr, from Proto-Germanic *justaz.

Noun

oster m

1. cheese

Declension

Declension of oster (strong a-stem)

masculine	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	oster	ostrin	ostar	ostanir, ostaner
accusative	ost	ostin	osta	ostana
dative	osti, oste	ostinum, ostenom	ostum, ostom	ostumin, ostomen
genitive	osts	ostsins	osta	ostanna

Descendants

• Swedish: ost

Slovene

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *ostrъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *aśras, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱrós. Cognate with Lithuanian aštrùs.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /òːstər/

Adjective

ọ́stər (comparative ostrȇjši, superlative nȁjostrȇjši)

1. sharp

Declension

The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker, please help by adding the tonal marks.

Hard
	masculine	feminine	neuter
nom. sing.	óster	óstra	óstro
singular
	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	óster ind óstri def	óstra	óstro
genitive	óstrega	óstre	óstrega
dative	óstremu	óstri	óstremu
accusative	nominativeinan or genitiveanim	óstro	óstro
locative	óstrem	óstri	óstrem
instrumental	óstrim	óstro	óstrim
dual
	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	óstra	óstri	óstri
genitive	óstrih	óstrih	óstrih
dative	óstrima	óstrima	óstrima
accusative	óstra	óstri	óstri
locative	óstrih	óstrih	óstrih
instrumental	óstrima	óstrima	óstrima
plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	óstri	óstre	óstra
genitive	óstrih	óstrih	óstrih
dative	óstrim	óstrim	óstrim
accusative	óstre	óstre	óstra
locative	óstrih	óstrih	óstrih
instrumental	óstrimi	óstrimi	óstrimi

This adjective needs an inflection-table template.

Further reading

• “oster”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
• “oster”, in Termania, Amebis
• See also the general references