pluo

Latin

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈpɫu.oː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈpluː.o]

Verb

pluō (present infinitive pluere, perfect active pluī or plūvī); third conjugation, no supine stem

1. alternative form of pluit (“rain”)
   • 44 BCE, Cicero, De Divinatione, section 2.58:

     Sanguinem pluisse senatui nuntiatum est, Atratum etiam fluvium fluxisse sanguine, deorum sudasse simulacra.

     It was reported to the senate that blood had rained down, that even the river Atratus had overflowed with blood, and that the statues of the gods had given off sweat.

Usage notes

Takes a subject, unlike the impersonal pluit.

Conjugation

• Perfect plūvī is Old Latin.

   Conjugation of pluō (third conjugation, no passive, no supine stem)

indicative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	pluō		pluis		pluit		pluimus		pluitis		pluunt
	imperfect	pluēbam		pluēbās		pluēbat		pluēbāmus		pluēbātis		pluēbant
	future	pluam		pluēs		pluet		pluēmus		pluētis		pluent
	perfect	pluī, plūvī		pluistī, plūvistī		pluit, plūvit		pluimus, plūvimus		pluistis, plūvistis		pluērunt, pluēre, plūvērunt, plūvēre
	pluperfect	plueram, plūveram		pluerās, plūverās		pluerat, plūverat		pluerāmus, plūverāmus		pluerātis, plūverātis		pluerant, plūverant
	future perfect	pluerō, plūverō		plueris, plūveris		pluerit, plūverit		pluerimus, plūverimus		plueritis, plūveritis		pluerint, plūverint
subjunctive		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	pluam		pluās		pluat		pluāmus		pluātis		pluant
	imperfect	pluerem		pluerēs		plueret		pluerēmus		pluerētis		pluerent
	perfect	pluerim, plūverim		pluerīs, plūverīs		pluerit, plūverit		pluerīmus, plūverīmus		pluerītis, plūverītis		pluerint, plūverint
	pluperfect	pluissem, plūvissem		pluissēs, plūvissēs		pluisset, plūvisset		pluissēmus, plūvissēmus		pluissētis, plūvissētis		pluissent, plūvissent
imperative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	—		plue		—		—		pluite		—
	future	—		pluitō		pluitō		—		pluitōte		pluuntō
non-finite forms		infinitive						participle
		active			passive			active			passive
present		pluere			—			pluēns			—
perfect		pluisse, plūvisse			—			—			—
verbal nouns		gerund								supine
		genitive		dative		accusative		ablative		accusative		ablative
		pluendī		pluendō		pluendum		pluendō		—		—

References

• “pluo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “pluo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “pluit”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• pluo in Georges, Karl Ernst; Georges, Heinrich (1913–1918), Ausführliches lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch, 8th edition, volume 2, Hahnsche Buchhandlung, column 1745

Welsh

Alternative forms

• plufo, plufio

Etymology

plu +‎ -o

Verb

pluo (first-person singular present pluaf)

1. (transitive) to pluck
2. (transitive, figurative) to fleece, to con
3. (transitive) to tie (fishing flies)

Conjugation

Conjugation of pluo (literary)

	singular			plural			impersonal
	first	second	third	first	second	third
present indicative/future	pluaf	plui	plu, plua	pluwn	pluwch	pluant	pluir
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/ conditional	pluwn	pluit	pluai	pluem	pluech	pluent	pluid
preterite	pluais	pluaist	pluodd	pluasom	pluasoch	pluasant	pluwyd
pluperfect	pluaswn	pluasit	pluasai	pluasem	pluasech	pluasent	pluasid, pluesid
present subjunctive	pluwyf	pluych	pluo	pluom	pluoch	pluont	pluer
imperative	—	plu, plua	plued	pluwn	pluwch	pluent	pluer
verbal noun	pluo
verbal adjectives	pluedig pluadwy

Conjugation of pluo (colloquial)

inflected colloquial forms	singular			plural
	first	second	third	first	second	third
future	plua i, pluaf i	plui di	pluith o/e/hi, pluiff e/hi	pluwn ni	pluwch chi	pluan nhw
conditional	pluwn i, pluswn i	pluet ti, pluset ti	pluai fo/fe/hi, plusai fo/fe/hi	pluen ni, plusen ni	pluech chi, plusech chi	pluen nhw, plusen nhw
preterite	pluais i, plues i	pluaist ti, pluest ti	pluodd o/e/hi	pluon ni	pluoch chi	pluon nhw
imperative	—	plua	—	—	pluwch	—

Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh.

Derived terms

• pluo ei nyth
• pluo eira
• pluwr

Further reading

• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “pluo”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies