sendiri

Indonesian

Etymology

Affixed diri +‎ se- (probably through affixed Old Javanese aṅḍiri, aṇḍiri (“to stand; to be functional, to reign; standing alone; outstanding”), probably ultimately from Sanskrit [Term?] instead of Malay diri directly), inherited from Malay sendiri.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [sənˈdiri]
• Hyphenation: sên‧di‧ri

Pronoun

sêndiri

1. oneself

   Ibu sendiri yang memasak kue ini.

   It was mother herself who made this cake.

   Buku ini ditulis oleh Pak Bambang sendiri.

   This book is written by Mr. Bambang himself.

Adjective

sêndiri (comparative lebih sendiri, superlative paling sendiri)

1. own

   Nelayan merasa di laut seperti di rumah sendiri.

   When at sea, fishermen feel as if in their own home.

   Aku harus membayar dari kantongku sendiri.

   I must pay from my own pocket.

   Sayur-sayuran ini dari kebun ibu sendiri.

   These vegetables are from mother's own garden.

Derived terms

• menyendiri
• penyendiri
• sendirian

Further reading

• “sendiri”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016

Malay

Etymology

From Proto-Malayic *səndiʀi. se- (“one”) +‎ diri (“self”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sən.di.ri/
• Rhymes: -ri, -i
• Hyphenation: sen‧di‧ri

Pronoun

sendiri

1. oneself; myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves. (Used as a reflexive pronoun to emphasize the subject).

   Awak kena buat kerja itu sendiri. ― You have to do the work yourself.

   Dia hanya memikirkan dirinya sendiri. ― He only thinks about himself.

Adjective

sendiri (comparative lebih sendiri, superlative paling sendiri)

1. own; belonging to oneself.

   Ini kereta saya sendiri, bukan kereta syarikat. ― This is my own car, not a company car.

   Dia membuka perniagaannya sendiri tahun lepas. ― She opened her own business last year.

Adverb

sendiri

1. alone; by oneself; without company.

   Dia lebih suka bekerja sendiri di dalam biliknya. ― He prefers to work alone in his room.

   Selepas suaminya meninggal, dia tinggal sendiri. ― After her husband passed away, she lived by herself.

Derived terms

Affixations

• bersendiri
• bersendirian
• kesendirian
• menyendiri
• persendirian
• tersendiri

Further reading

• "sendiri" in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu (PRPM) [Malay Literary Reference Centre (PRPM)] (in Malay), Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017