sobrius

Latin

Etymology

From sē- (“without”) +‎ ēbrius (“intoxicated”) "sōbrius" instead of "sēbrius" almost certainly because of Proto-Italic: *swē. Compare: Latin: sodalis, Latin: socors

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈsoː.bri.ʊs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈsɔː.bri.us]

Adjective

sōbrius (feminine sōbria, neuter sōbrium); first/second-declension adjective

1. sober (not drunk)
   • 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 6.785:

     Ecce suburbānā rediēns male sōbrius aede

     See! [Someone] barely sober, returning from the suburban shrine, [...].
     (That is, someone having drank wine at the June festival of Fors Fortuna.)

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

	singular				plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	sōbrius	sōbria	sōbrium		sōbriī	sōbriae	sōbria
genitive	sōbriī	sōbriae	sōbriī		sōbriōrum	sōbriārum	sōbriōrum
dative	sōbriō	sōbriae	sōbriō		sōbriīs
accusative	sōbrium	sōbriam	sōbrium		sōbriōs	sōbriās	sōbria
ablative	sōbriō	sōbriā	sōbriō		sōbriīs
vocative	sōbrie	sōbria	sōbrium		sōbriī	sōbriae	sōbria

Descendants

• Catalan: sobri
• Old French: sobre
  • → Dutch: sober
  • → English: sober
  • French: sobre
• Italian: sobrio
• Portuguese: sóbrio
• Romanian: sobru
• Spanish: sobrio
• → Proto-West Germanic: *sūbrī (see there for further descendants)

References

• “sobrius”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “sobrius”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "sobrius", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “sobrius”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.